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EN
World agriculture faces a serious challenge: how to guarantee a relevant quantitative and health standard of food provision to a growing, and probably increasingly more affluent population, at the same time, reducing – or at least not increasing – the pressure on the environment and climate change. As a result, competition for land, freshwater, energy and mineral resources, necessary to produce potassium and phosphorus fertilisers, will be tougher. However, there are some strategies to meet these challenges. Coordinated and consistent actions are necessary, both on the side of demand (changes in diet and consumption patterns, and reduction in food losses) and supply in agri-food markets. In particular, it is necessary to close the existing yield gaps, improve the efficiency in the use of all resources, invest in research and agricultural implementations, and reduce losses across the entire food chains. Individual actions should be taken simultaneously and on a global scale, which, in itself, poses a serious problem. This instantly brings to mind the climate negotiations: almost everyone agrees that multilateral agreements would maximise the overall well-being, but the temptation to “get a free ride” prevails among many countries, as priorities continue to have short-term objectives and effects.
EN
The article looks at the most pressing challenges facing the global community and world agriculture that should be addressed by the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and other models of agricultural development. In terms of methodology, the paper combines an overview approach with meta-analysis. The research establishes that the main problem of world agriculture in the coming decades will be to meet growing demand for agricultural and food products under increasingly stiff competition for land, water and other non-renewable and renewable resources - amid increasing pressure on the natural environment and a changing climate. The world could deal with this problem by undertaking coordinated efforts to reduce food wastage, close the productivity gap, promote changes in diet, and foster sustainable intensification and climate-smart farming. On the one hand, CAP can contribute to solving this problem, the author says, but on the other hand, it may hinder efforts in this area by extensively subsidizing EU agriculture.
PL
Podstawowym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie najważniejszych wyzwań stojących przed społecznością i rolnictwem światowym, które musi uwzględniać wspólna polityka rolna UE oraz inne modele rozwoju rolnictwa, konkurencyjne, ale i zarazem komplementarne wobec WPR. Pod względem metodologicznym artykuł jest studium przeglądowym, z pewnymi jednak elementami metaanalizy. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań ustalono, iż głównym problemem rolnictwa światowego w najbliższych dekadach będzie sprostanie rosnącemu popytowi rolno-żywnościowemu w warunkach nasilającej się rywalizacji o ziemię, wodę i inne zasoby odnawialne i nieodnawialne, rosnącej presji na środowisko przyrodnicze i dokonującej się zmiany klimatu. Świat może sobie z nim poradzić przez podjęcie równoczesnych i skoordynowanych działań skoncentrowanych na ograniczeniu strat żywności, zamknięciu luki produktywności, zmianach diety, zrównoważonej intensyfikacji i praktykowaniu rolnictwa inteligentnego klimatycznie. WPR z jednej strony może wnosić pozytywny wkład w jego rozwiązywanie, ale z drugiej strony może to utrudniać, głównie przez rozległe subsydiowanie unijnego rolnictwa.
EN
The modern stage of development of Byelorussian economy demands search of new solutions to old problems, especially with respect to agriculture. Despite of external well-being and measures taken for development of agriculture, the majority of enterprises can not effectively go on with production on their own. In many branches of production the state subsidies are granted. Various sorts of state grants If to consider structure of profit of the agricultural organizations its greater part represents a. In article are considered problems of innovative development of agriculture of Belarus, in particular the enterprises of dairy sector.
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