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EN
The author — Deputy Conservator General of Historical Monuments — writes about the protection of the archaeological heritage, described in a pertinent European convention as a “source of collective memory”. The archaeological heritage possesses a special rank among other categories of the cultural heritage. It is usually concealed from society and remains particularly sensitive to all human activity, even such routine forms as land cultivation or the construction of residential estates, while its violation and damage are irreversible. The prime task of archaeologists does not merely entail, as it is universally believed, an examination of the past by means of studying the archeological heritage, but its protection. If we become aware of the fact that the basic form of archaeological research, i. e. sites, actually incurs damage to archaeological legacy, then we face the dilemma whether to investigate or to protect (also against detrimental excavations). Each of these moral choices appears to be well justified. The International Charter for the Protection and Management of the Archaeological Heritage, prepared by ICAHM-ICOMOS, formulated the principle of restricting excavations to an indispensable minimum in cases of endangered sites and, only in exceptional circumstances, nonthreatened sites (i.a. when excavations are necessary for essential research purposes).
EN
The present text contains essential information about a collection of stove tiles obtained during archaeological excavations conducted in the area of historical town of Piotrków Trybunalski and its suburbs. It consists of four parts. In the rst the authors present the range of research works – both stationary ones and supervisions undertaken on the occasion of various earthworks – carried out in the area since 1962. The second part of the text is devoted to a concise presentation of research results in the area of the Jesuit church and monastery built on the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries. Whereas, the third part discusses collections of stove tiles found in Piotrków Trybunalski during older research works, and in the last, fourth part a preliminary characteristics of the collection obtained in the course of the works conducted in 2005, including nearly 13 000 tile fragments, mainly formed in matrixes was presented. However, it is very varied material, which presents technological and stylistic features commonly known and spread in tile-making in Poland, especially in the area of widely understood Great Poland province, covering proper Great Poland, Kuyavia and central Poland. In the collection tiles with Renaissance-mannerism and early Baroque stylistics prevail, however, there are also artifacts both older and younger, therefore the whole may be considered representative for the period from 15th/16th centuries to the 20th century.
EN
The article tells about the heritage of the Science Society in Płock. It indicates the real importance of some discoveries the Society made. Also, the development of its structures is highlighted. That’s why its effort should be called as pioneering; it allowed Płock to create a place which was academically valuable. Despite the fact that the institution eventually failed, its concepts became an exceptional basis for the development of the next generations.
PL
Artykuł traktuje o dorobku naukowym Płockiego Towarzystwa Naukowego. Wykazuje faktyczną rangę części dokonywanych przez jego członków odkryć. Podkreślono rozwój formy organizacyjnej Towarzystwa w realiach historycznych. Stąd właśnie należy docenić pionierski trud jego członków w pracy na rzecz zbudowania w Płocku miejsca, które zaczęło mieć swoją akademicką wartość. Chociaż działalność samej instytucji zakończyła się totalną porażką, to prądy umysłowe wytworzone za jej pośrednictwem okazały się twórczą inspiracją dla rozwoju przyszłych pokoleń naukowców.
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