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Metody i technologie konserwacji kamienia we Włoszech - przegląd doświadczeń i tendencji

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Stępień P.

Ochrona Zabytków

1988

issue 3

172-179

The article is the recapitulation of hitherto Italian experience in the field of the conservation of stone historic objects. It describes particular methods and technologies. As far as cleansing is concerned, then the methods that are used universally include: nebulization, atomization, packs with slight alcaline reaction (pH lower than 8), e.g. formulation AB57, sand-cleaning (microabrasives). Occasionally packs from special clays (sepiolite, atapulgite) are also used as well as biological packs, resins with ion exchange and ultra-sonic units (such as those used in dentistry). A technique of removing the layers has been worked out on a laboratory scale by means of long laser impulses. During the consolidation a characteristic tendency is a come- back to traditional calcareous technique. The most frequently used synthetic resins are acrylic and silicon resins as well as the technology worked out by O. Nonformale, based on a combination of acryl and siloxane resis. More and more often are used preparations based on esters of silic acid. The use of epoxide resins for the consolidation gives rise to controversy in Italy, although good results are obtained with cycloaliphatic resins hardened with polyaliphatic amines. To protect the stone waxes were used in Italy (now considered not enough durable), arcryl resins, organic silicon products. Apart from the latter ones much hope is linked with the use of perfluoropolyesters. At the same time one can observe a comeback (just like in consolidation) to traditional calcareous techniques which also give opaque coatings (white washes). Traditional lime-based techniques are also universally used in making-ups (putties). Out of synthetic resins good results are obtained with acryl resins; on the other hand the use of polyester and epoxide resins did not give satisfactory results. When discussing in this article advantages and shortcomings of individual technologies the author emphasizes that there are no universal methods in conservation. Each historic object requires a choice of a specific technique based on the knowledge of its properties, impendencies and needs.

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1 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Stępień P.

1 1988

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Metody i technologie konserwacji kamienia we Włoszech - przegląd doświadczeń i tendencji