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EN
One of the greatest human desires is the desire to actualize, as attested by centuries-old history of representation. In Western culture, based on mimesis, actualization has been strongly associated with an image designed to be the closest equivalent for the original. But can we really maintain that perfect mimetic techniques and dominance of attractive images guarantee access to truth?
EN
There are only a few pictures presenting Miron Białoszewski with a watch on his hand. This everyday item returns in writer’s texts as a detail of presented world or a component of metaphorical construction. Author informs us very frequently about a time of action and hours of writing.
PL
Zachowało się niewiele zdjęć przedstawiających Mirona Białoszewskiego z zegarkiem. W tekstach pisarza przedmiot ten pojawia się zarówno jako dosłowny detal świata przedstawionego, jak i składnik konstrukcji metaforycznych. Z dużą częstotliwością autor informuje o godzinach dziejącej się akcji lub o czasie zapisu.
XX
Polish Romantic poets, as Konrad Górski reminded us, used punctuation in the intonation function. Norwid’s creative work coincides with the time when attempts to standardize punctuation and to introduce new syntactic rules are made. For this reason the issue of the function of Norwid’s punctuation cannot be decided as easily as in case of the three great national poets of Poland. In the original version of poems by the author of Vade-mecum some disturbing places can be found, where the use of a punctuation mark cannot be explained in terms of syntax. On the other hand, punctuation marks are justified when they are treated as tools that form the sound layer of the text. This role of the marks is especially important in the poem Rzecz o wolnos´ci słowa (On Freedom of Speech), which Norwid prepared to be read in a public lecture. By means of punctuation marks the poet included in the text indications about how to read it. This is exactly why modifications and cases of modernization of punctuation made by publishers and editors are not indifferent for the artistic form of Norwid’s works.
EN
Polish Romantic poets, as Konrad Górski reminded us, used punctuation in the intonation function. Norwid’s creative work coincides with the time when attempts to standardize punctuation and to introduce new syntactic rules are made. For this reason the issue of the function of Norwid’s punctuation cannot be decided as easily as in case of the three great national poets of Poland. In the original version of poems by the author of “Vade-mecum” some disturbing places can be found, where the use of a punctuation mark cannot be explained in terms of syntax. On the other hand, punctuation marks are justified when they are treated as tools that form the sound layer of the text. This role of the marks is especially important in the poem “Rzecz o wolności słowa” (On Freedom of Speech), which Norwid prepared to be read in a public lecture. By means of punctuation marks the poet included in the text indications about how to read it. This is exactly why modifications and cases of modernization of punctuation made by publishers and editors are not indifferent for the artistic form of Norwid’s works.
EN
The purpose of this article is to present and analyze the new institution in the austrian inheritance law, ie Pflegevermächtnis - the care legacy. The problem of an aging population refers to the vast majority of European countries, and thus there is a need to adapt legal regulations to the new circumstances. The examined issue has two important social goals: providing elderly people with proper care in the last years of their life and due remuneration of family members who have been provided with care over a deceased. So far, in Austria, people who looked after the deceased before his death were forced to seek compensation in difficult and lengthy trials, with the lack of a settled case-law in this regard. The presented analysis of the Austrian care legacy can be an interesting material for analysis for the Polish legislator in the case of the desire to solve the problem of remuneration and care for a testator before his death.
Pamiętnik Literacki
|
2022
|
vol. 113
|
issue 3
267-277
PL
Recenzja jest omówieniem wydania transliteracji autografu „Vade-mecum” Cypriana Norwida w opracowaniu Mateusza Grabowskiego. Stanowi ono nieocenioną pomoc dla tekstologów oraz filologów i historyków literatury, norwidologów w ich studiach nad tekstem poetyckiego zbioru. Recenzent stara się odsłonić warsztat pracy badacza-edytora, pokazując jego niemałe sukcesy w mierzeniu się ze skomplikowaną materią autografu (nowe odczytania zapisów brulionowych), ale zarazem odsłania momenty – mniej liczne – które mogą budzić wątpliwości, a nawet sprzeciw (błędne komentarze oraz niewłaściwe gospodarowanie wariantami przekazu).
EN
The review is a discussion concerning an edition of the autograph transliteration of Cyprian Norwid’s “Vade-mecum” prepared by Mateusz Grabowski—an invaluable help for textologists, philologists, literary historians, and Norwid scholars in their studies on the poetic collection’s text. The reviewer attempts to disclose the researcher-editor’s workshop, showing their substantial successes in striving with the complicated content matter of the autograph (a new reading of draft notes), but also unveils less numerable places that may be dubious or even arouse opposition (erroneous commentaries or improper management of the text’s variants).
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