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ZO SALAŠA DO PREZIDENTSKÉHO PALÁCA. PRÍSPEVOK K 15. VÝROČIU VYHLÁSENIA FUJARY ZA MAJSTROVSKÉ DIELO ÚSTNEHO A NEHMOTNÉHO KULTÚRNEHO DEDIČSTVA ĽUDSTVA UNESCO

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Garaj B.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

2021

vol. 69

issue 1

14 – 29

The fujara became the first element of Slovakia’s traditional music culture proclaimed as a masterpiece of the oral and intangible heritage of humanity in 2005 and automatically incorporated in the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2008. I was a member of the team that prepared the application documents and witnessed debates among fujara players on what this event would mean for the fujara and its music. The expectations of the performers, instrument makers, and other fans of the fujara were ambiguous. After 15 years since the proclamation, there is an opportunity to show what has happened with the fujara and to what extent their visions have been fulfilled. In this context, the text reflects on important contemporary events related to the life of the fujara: changes in the making technology, unification of its acoustic and intonation features, new ways of its use, presentation of this instrument in the media, as well as processes of a socio-cultural nature focused on the community of fujara players, the education of young performers, and the perception of the fujara in today’s society.

INŠPIRUJÚCI PRÍBEH OŽIVENIA HUDOBNÉHO NÁSTROJA ALEBO AKO SA GAJDY DO UNESCO DOSTALI

100%

Garaj B.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

2024

vol. 72

issue 1

33 – 58

The purposeful revival of the bagpipes and the bagpipe tradition, which faced real extinction in Slovakia in the last third of the last century, represents a process that has been going on for almost half a century and which can be seen as a remarkable and manifold cultural phenomenon. In the context of cultural heritage studies, inscription on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Heritage of Slovakia and Representative List of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity is generally seen as the culmination of efforts to raise the profile of an element and the community associated with it. The aim of this article is to show that the listing of the bagpipes on the Representative List of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity (2015) is specific because it builds on a number of significant activities that preceded the listing, that follow seamlessly on from it, and that provide compelling evidence not only of the sustainability of the element, but also of its existence as part of the living heritage. The background to this story is not only the creation of the two bagpipe events, but more importantly, the community that identifies with the instrument and what is represented by the Guild of Slovak Bagpipers. However, it is not a homogeneous community, nor is it the only community. Within the Guild, over the years, some internal micro-communities of interest have crystallized with their own priorities focused, for example, on issues of style interpretation, on the problems of (re)implementation of the instrument into local or regional musical traditions, etc. Formally outside the Guild (but in cooperation with it), a remarkable community is formed by representatives of local and regional governments who actively use the bagpipe tradition as a part of their cultural capital, as an essential added value in attracting Slovak and European project funding, and as a tool for tourism development. Last but not least the article aims to show that the revival of the bagpipes in Slovakia would never have become a success story without the essential role of its individual actors.

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2 Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

2 Garaj B.

1 2024

1 2021

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ZO SALAŠA DO PREZIDENTSKÉHO PALÁCA. PRÍSPEVOK K 15. VÝROČIU VYHLÁSENIA FUJARY ZA MAJSTROVSKÉ DIELO ÚSTNEHO A NEHMOTNÉHO KULTÚRNEHO DEDIČSTVA ĽUDSTVA UNESCO

INŠPIRUJÚCI PRÍBEH OŽIVENIA HUDOBNÉHO NÁSTROJA ALEBO AKO SA GAJDY DO UNESCO DOSTALI