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1

Struktury młodzieżowych organizacji niepodległościowych działających na Górnym Śląsku i w Zagłębiu Dąbrowskim w latach 1945–1956 (wybrane aspekty)

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Szczypka A.

Przegląd Nauk Historycznych

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2012

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vol. 11

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issue 1

2

Kwestia antysemityzmu w programach młodzieżowych organizacji niepodległościowych na Górnym Śląsku i w Zagłębiu Dąbrowskim w latach 1945–1956

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Szczypka A.

Przegląd Nauk Historycznych

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2013

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vol. 12

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issue 1

3

Polska Partia Socjalistyczna w powiecie częstochowskim w latach 1945 – 1948

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Szczypka A.

Historia i Świat

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2014

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issue 3

231-258

EN

During the first three months after the liberation of the Częstochowa district by the Red Army the structures of the Polish Socialist Party were rebuilt. Its completion was achieved by the time the first town and district congress of PSP took place on 29th April 1945. The function of the provisional town and district president of PSP was entrusted to Jan Kaźmierczak. The socialists from Częstochowa assumed several important positions in the civil service ,e.g. Bronisław Federak became the vice president of Częstochowa and Ferdynand Szmidla was appointed the president of the Municipal National Council. Two parties competed for the influence in the working class community – Polish Workers’ Party and Polish Socialist Party. Due to this political competition some conflicts between these parties arose. One of them became especially conspicuous after the comunists’ loss in the elections to the works councils. However, the mutual antagonism between the two parties abated in connection with the referendum and elections to the Legislative Sejm as . Both parties cooperated with each other in the propaganda actions. After the communists’ win in the Legislative Sejm elections, they started the stage of assuming control over PSP. Their methods included organization of meetings for the activists of both parties during which , those PSP members who were against the communists’ politics were eliminated, often with the help of Secret Service executing frequent arrests. The main goal of all these intimidating actions was to weaken PSP by forcing the socialists to join the Polish Workers’ Party. The decision concerning such a strategy was made during the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Polish Workers’ Party on 6th March 1948 and it was fulfilled in the middle of December 1948 during the Unification Congress when The Polish United Workers' Party was established.

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Wiesław Chodzikiewicz – działacz młodzieżowej organizacji niepodległościowej w Gliwicach (1948 r.)

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Szczypka A.

Historia i Świat

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2013

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issue 2

217-231

EN

In the years 1944-1956 on the territory of Poland there were about a thousand active youth pro-independence organisations. Almost 11 thousand young people fought in them against the communist system. One of these young people who decided to put up struggle with this unaccepted by Poles system was Wiesław Chodzikiewicz. He was born on 13th February 1932 in Płock. He came from a patriotic family as his father fought in the defense of Lwów. His father was a legionary and before World War II he was an activist of the Piłsudskiite camp. After the outbreak of the war he was mobilised and he most probably was killed on the front. The son received patriotic upbringing because his father often repeated that “ homeland is the first and the family is the second”. Wiesław participated in the Warsaw Uprising as a courier. After the war had ended, he lived in Gliwice with his mother and sister. In 1948, on his friend’s suggestion, he joined the ranks of a youth pro-independence organisation. The young people collected firearms from the scrap yard, maintained it and believed that World War III would break out. They spread once a leaflet directed to their peers. Their activity ended up with their arrest and the sentence of a few years of imprisonment due to the discovery of the weapon on the loft of the post office. Wiesław Chodzikiewicz was sentenced to 5 years in prison. In the prison in Jaworzno he was persecuted and was being forced to sign the collaboration with the secret police. In the end they managed to break him, but being in prison he refused further cooperation explaining it by nervous disease. His imprisonment was slightly shortened and after being released he treated his poor health which he had lost after being beaten by the security apparatus officers, and later he worked in the worst jobs for poor money. He died at the age of 61 on 9th April, 1993.

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Struktury młodzieżowych organizacji niepodległościowych działających na Górnym Śląsku i w Zagłębiu Dąbrowskim w latach 1945–1956 (wybrane aspekty)

Kwestia antysemityzmu w programach młodzieżowych organizacji niepodległościowych na Górnym Śląsku i w Zagłębiu Dąbrowskim w latach 1945–1956

Polska Partia Socjalistyczna w powiecie częstochowskim w latach 1945 – 1948

Wiesław Chodzikiewicz – działacz młodzieżowej organizacji niepodległościowej w Gliwicach (1948 r.)