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Studia Slavica
|
2014
|
vol. 18
|
issue 2
185-196
EN
The Czech and Czechoslovak encyclopaedic studies are almost 150 years old and can be divided into three conventional stages: Stage One:1860-1909, Stage Two:1918-1943, Stage Three: 1962-2013. The third stage (1962-2010) includes lexicographic (encyclopaedic) projects undertaken after World War II in the reality of socialist Czechoslovakia (1948-1989), democratic Czechoslovakia (1989-1992) and then the autonomous Czech Republic (1993). It was then that a few reference books originated. The books, which can be justifiably called the latest and most contemporary, include among others: A Concise Scientific Dictionary [Příruční slovník naučný] (1962 - 1967, the Czech abbreviation of the title: PSN), A Small Czechoslovak Encyclopaedia [Mala československá encyclopedie] (1984-1987, MČSE), DIDEROT. A Popular Encyclopaedia in 8 volumes [DIDEROT. Všeobecná encyclopedie v osmi svazcích] (1999, VEDid), A UNIVERSUM Popular Encyclopaedia [Všeobecná encyclopedie UNIVERSUM] (2001, VEU) and the Czech Wikipedia (2002-2013). This article is devoted to the Czech (and Czechoslovak) encyclopaedic achievements, and it generally presents and analyzes the most important reference books of this period.
EN
On 28 October 1918, Czechoslovakia, one of the new countries on the map of Central Europe, appeared. It was a common republic of two nations, being a true implementation of the somewhat idealistic idea of Czechoslovakism - an optional combination of Czechs and Slovaks within one country and Czechoslovakian divided into two language ‘branches’ Czech and Slovak. In the centenary of Czechoslovakia the author describes the initial (ethnic) conditions and the state of the Czech language in ‘the first’ 20 years (1918–1938) as well as the development and modernization of modern Czech in the field of lexis, grammar solutions, the style, and artistry of Czech literature. He also mentions the timeless scientific and theoretical initiatives (e.g. Prague Linguistic Circle) which the Czech-Slovak linguistic achievements have raised to a global level.
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