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EN
The idea of truth is an important factor for building existential security – the belief that our values and goals are worth pursuing in the lives of individuals and communities. The sources of the certainty of our position in the world tends to change together with civilisation. In Antiquity the leading position belonged to the philosophical narrative, in Latin civilisation it was religion and in contemporary civilisation it is rational and pragmatic calculation. We have agreed to the reductionist idea of truth, which is only valid as a social contract. In return we receive the benefits of historically unprecedented freedom and comfort of living. The author describes the historical tensions between three consecutive European civilisations and the epistemological disputes they have created.
PL
Koncepcja prawdy stanowi ważny czynnik budowania bezpieczeństwa egzystencjalnego, czyli przekonania, że wartości i cele realizowane w życiu jednostek i wspólnot są właściwe warte ochrony. Źródła pewności naszej pozycji w świecie zmieniają się wraz z cywilizacjami. W Antyku dominowała narracja filozoficzna, w cywilizacji łacińskiej religijna, a współcześnie racjonalna, pragmatyczna kalkulacja funkcjonalistyczna. Zgadzamy się na redukcjonistyczną koncepcję prawdy, która obowiązuje tylko na mocy społecznej konwencji otrzymując w zamian korzyści bezprecedensowej wolności i wygody życia. Autor opisuje historyczne napięcia przechodzenia pomiędzy trzema cywilizacjami oraz spory epistemologiczne, jakie rodziły.
EN
Christian worldview which dominated Middle Ages was fully deepened in transcendental references. The whole culture: art, architecture, sciences, politics were driven by christian spirit. People believed that their history is ruled by providence. In modernity everything changed, the world become secular. I wanted to depict how the idea of progress replaced providence in explaining history of mankind. I have shown religious character of all the theories progress and pictured its advocates as apostles and followers. So called theology of progress is a symbol of huge transition of people’s worldviews that was caused by great success of science in explaining nature. As Christianity was main source of ideas in the past, for modern societies such source lies in scientism – a belief that only scientific claims may be sources for our worldviews and rules of social interactions.
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