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Morskie, stałe zasady podejmowania działań przy użyciu siły

100%
Bugajski D. R.
Międzynarodowe Prawo Humanitarne
|
2012
|
vol. 3
39-61
EN
International law provides authority for self-defense of warships against illegal attacks on the high seas (including the foreign contiguous zone and exclusive economic zone) and for taking all means used for self-protection as far as they are necessary and proportionate. The situation is far more complex when a warship is located in sea areas in which another state enjoys sovereignty, thus in foreign national waters (internal waters, territorial sea, archipelagic waters). Any kind of use of weapons or force within these waters might first be considered as a violation of sovereignty and thus is unlawful. Therefore use of military force at sea in peace is governed by two categories of rules: Standing Rules of Engagement (SROE) outside the territory of home state and Standing Rules for the Use of Force (SRUF) within the territory of home state. Both regulations as essential for the Navy, establish fundamental policies and procedures governing the actions to be taken by warship commanders during military operations, contingencies, and routine military functions including Anti-Terrorism/Force Protection.
2
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Przejście okrętów oraz przelot wojskowych statków powietrznych w Cieśninach Bałtyckich w czasie pokoju

100%
Bugajski D. R.
Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego
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2007
|
vol. 2
130-142
EN
The problem of ships’ and airships’ passage through the Baltic Strait is restricted by the provisions of International Law that impose defi nitive obligations to these unities and their states. According to the author, in the period of signifi cant social, political and military transformations, these solutions are even anachronistic. The author suggests that they can be replaced and simultaneously he presents the viewpoint of the Scandinavian states towards the possibility of their modifi cation.
PL
Problem przejścia okrętów oraz przelot statków powietrznych przez Cieśniny Bałtyckie jest ograniczony wieloma postanowieniami Prawa Międzynarodowego. Nakłada ono na te jednostki oraz państwa, do których należą, konkretne obowiązki. Zdaniem Autora, w dobie znaczących przeobrażeń społeczno-politycznych i militarnych, rozwiązania te są wręcz anachroniczne. Sugeruje on możliwość ich zastąpienia oraz przedstawia stanowisko państw skandynawskich wobec możliwości ich modyfikacji.
3
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Chińsko-japońskie spory morskie

100%
Bugajski D. R.
Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej
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2016
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issue 10
66-75
EN
In the Sino-Japanese relations, there are many complex issues which, as always in neighborly relations, have deep historical context. Political competition and expansive economic and military policies cause that China questions the existing territorial state on the East China Sea and South China Sea. The subject of the claims of China (both Taiwan and the People’s Republic of China) are located under the Japanese administration – the Senkaku Islands. The two countries also have a contradictory position concerning the delimitation of the exclusive economic zone between China and Japan (Ryukyu) on the East China Sea and the status of Okino-Tori Shima being the subject to Japanese sovereignty. Each of these three disputes as a consequence, above all, concerns the delimitation of large areas of the exclusive economic zone between the two countries.
4
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Polsko-niemiecki spór o status wód redy w Zatoce Pomorskiej

63%
Bugajski D. R.
Prawo Morskie
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2011
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issue XXVII
5
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Wspomnienie o profesorze Janie Tomaszu Hołowińskim (1924–2011)

38%
Bugajski D. R.
Prawo Morskie
|
2011
|
issue XXVII
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