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PL
The historical, political, social and cultural issues of the past have strongly impacted upon the current Religious Education at preschools in Poland. In the beginning of socio-political transformation of Poland the confessional nature of Religious Education was one of the demands presented not only by the Church, but also by society. Today, even the presence of Religious Education is discussed. In order to understand better the arguments supporting Religious Education at preschools in Poland, this article will provide kindergarten teachers’ opinions on the basis of a research survey, which was conducted among preschool teachers from Malopolska and Silesia region in April and May 2018.
EN
The term consecratio mundi, despite its introduction to theology already before the Second Vatican Council, still sparks a lot of discussion and controversy. In this article we will address the issue of the sanctification of the world by lay people in accordance with the Church teaching. First, consecratio mundi will be presented as a specific mission of the lay faithful, then the article will present the basic planes of their involvement.
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PL
Poland has a long history, but unfortunately, this history is also full of battles for independence, to keep the Polish language and culture, and a struggle for Christian values. What was supporting these processes? According to many experts Polish literature has been one important factor. In this article, the role of Polish literature for children, especially poetry, in supporting their creativity and Polishness will be analysed. Subsequently the article will outline the history of Polish literature for children, the importance of patriotic and religious literature, especially during the Partition and Soviet time and the nature of children’s literature.
PL
In the last years, the intensified migration mostly of people from Africa and Asia altered the situation in Europe. The growing awareness of the importance of respect for human rights and the recognition of the equal value of all people of whatever ethnic origin, cultural or religious tradition, forced the European governments to adjust the institutional services to a new kind of cultural and religious diversity, but Europeans do not want to give up the economic, political, social, ethnic, cultural and religious harmony. Due to the impact of migration, many national curricula are being changed and transformed. But it is also necessary to examine how cultural and religious diversity in Europe is intertwined in school pedagogy. What are the relationships between European and multicultural values and/or between multicultural and Christian values? What is the response of educational institutions to the new political, social, cultural and religious situation in Europe especially based on huge migration influx? What are the possible conflicts between the dynamics of a changing culture on the one hand and the ambitions of the Catholic schools in 21-st century? The author of this text raises a few important questions connected with migration and education in Europe for further reflection.
EN
The dynamic social, cultural and technological changes which take place in almost all the world have a major impact on religious identity of young generation. Taking into account the crucial role of Religious Education in the process of knowing and meeting with God, the author presents, in this article, Religious Education in schools as accompany young people on their road to the “contemporary Emmaus”. It will take into consideration various stages and conditions on the way, which with the help of RE, allows youngsters to discover, recognize and acknowledge God incarnate.
EN
Research into memory in adults reminiscing about childhood memories is not well‑­established. Some people seem to have vivid memories from very early ages, while others remember events beginning around age four or five. The aim of this article is to present memories of adults regarding relationships with their parents in childhood based on two surveys. First research was undertaken by the Public Opinion Research Centre (in Polish: Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej). Second one, qualitative research of childhood relations was conducted by the author of this article among students of family studies from The Cardinal Wyszyński University in Warsaw. On the basis of quantitative and qualitative research on Poles with regard to their childhood memories, several conclusions may be drawn. First of all, the surveyed Poles have positive childhood memories with regard to relations with parents and the process of upbringing. A larger proportion stresses a better bond with their mother. Only in some of the quoted recollections of students, there appears greater significance of relations with father, who gave them a sense of security, pointed out values and established a model of masculinity. A large number of the polled adults declared that parents were close to them and cared for their social, moral and religious education.
EN
In order to present the meaning of Catholic schools in the formation of Catholics in England and Wales, the author explores the social, religious and educational context of the past decades in England and Wales. Due to a high level of migration to the UK, with many ethnic groups coming from Asia, Africa and Latin America, the British society has been affected and transformed profoundly by the variety of cultures, religions, traditions and habits, proper to the migrating communities. This historical migration started a complex process of a global transformation of the society, which made it impossible for institutional religions to maintain their position and role as in the past. The Catholic population in England and Wales nowadays is composed of people of ethnic English descent, people of Irish origins, converts or the descendants of converts from Anglicanism or other Protestant denominations, and lately, Catholics from Catholic countries – mainly Poland. The present composition of the Catholic Church is thus highly diversified, and culturally heterogeneous. Nevertheless, Catholic schools in England and Wales have played an important role in searching for an interpretation of the emerging authentic forms of Christian faith and forming Catholics who are ready to see God’s presence within their experience and continually renew their daily lives in the light of the Gospel.
PL
Różnice pomiędzy katechezą i edukacją religijną są zdefiniowane w oficjalnych dokumentach Kościoła katolickiego dotyczących edukacji i wychowania, ale wciąż rodzą problemy w teorii i praktyce edukacji katolickiej. Autorka niniejszego artykułu przedstawia refleksje na temat postrzegania różnic pomiędzy katechezą i edukacją religijną przez teoretyków edukacji katolickiej ze szczególnym odniesieniem do The National Project of Catechesis and Religious Education. Ogromna praca związana z projektem jest odpowiedzią na potrzeby nauczycieli religii, uczniów szkół katolickich, rodziców i katechetów. Jednak obecna sytuacja wymaga, aby wspólnota eklezjalna była gotowa w procesie edukacji religijnej podjąć ryzyko stworzenia języka adekwatnego do opisu zachodzących procesów.
EN
Most specialists in pedagogy and catechetics agree that in the process of introducing children to the mystery of the Holy Spirit, parents should not concentrate as much on a speculative way of presenting Holy Spirit, but rather unite and combine children’s everyday experiences with faith reality. The first task of Christian parents should not be the transmission of Catechism, but the care of creating childhood full of love, trust, respect, forgiveness and joy. Only on the basis of faith experiences parents may start to talk with children about the Holy Spirit using correct, interesting and rather simple words. Of significant role in this process is the person of Jesus Christ. Listening to his words the child will discover the Holy Spirit not as an „anonymous Power,” but as a person, who is present in the Church, keeping vigil over Church development and inspiring Christians for opening, creativity, conversions and perfecting life.
EN
According to the general understanding, accompanying involves first of all being in attendance, being with somebody, sharing the hardships of a journey, joys, but also difficulties, uncertainties, overcoming obstacles on the road together, defining the destination. If Religious Education wants to take on the function of accompanying children and the youth on the road to the contemporary Emmaus, then the fundamental condition is being in attendance and journey together. Therefore, the author of this article reflects upon the idea of the road to Emmaus and the role of school RE as accompanying youth leading from superficiality to spirituality to personal contact with God. Personal acquaintance with God incarnate assumes certain complementarity of God’s initiative and man’s action, cognition, conversion and trust. Thanks to His incarnation God has become audible and visible. Therefore, accompanying the pupil on the road to Emmaus should include both the verbal and visual processes starting from pupil’s inner chaos, his/her questions, problems, difficulties up to the spiritual sphere.
PL
The author of this article presents Religious Education teachers continuing professional development in Poland in the context of political, social, economic, cultural and educational changes. During the last years, Poland has developed a national strategy for teacher training and introduced many new regulations. The aim of the new legal solutions is to prepare RE teachers as will be competent specialists in theology, accomplished in didactics and pedagogy and capable of caring for – and contributing to – the upbringing of pupils of varying needs; as well as organizers of social activities in class and school, also in effective cooperation with the local parish. Despite the many changes, RE teachers still have very difficult situation in Poland and face many challenges.
PL
Catholic schools are the subject of many expectations. Yet, the most important sets of expectations are three: parents, the Church and governmental institutions. Parents do not know any more what would be the best preparation for the future of their children, but they expect that Catholic school should prepare their children for their future jobs in the best possible way. The Church concentrates mostly on the religious role of Catholic schools and the governmental education authorities and institutions devote their attention to right attitudes in the civil society. Being a subject of so many, varied expectations, the Catholic school needs to respond constructively to these expectations and show a commitment to the integral and holistic education of every pupil in the postmodern and consumer society.
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PL
One of the main tasks of the EU is to create a European identity. This is a complex matter because of some lasting consequences of many divisions, conflicts and wars of the past. There are many national boundaries and various ethnic and cultural identities, regional interests. This paper refers to a whole range of aspects, which may be identified as crucial for education in a diversified Europe. After presenting the divisions and emerging changes occurring in Europe, the author of this article examines varies parameters / challenges related to the shift in interaction between the levels of society. This dynamic shift introduces a different kind of diversity / plurality and new challenges for education. The fundamental and historical differences can not be easily eliminated; they may deserve to be deepened and analysed. The diversity is a constructive dimension for education in Europe.
EN
The author of this article presents Religious Education teachers continuing professional development in Poland in the context of political, social, economic, cultural and educational changes. During the last years, Poland has developed a national strategy for teacher training and introduced many new regulations. The aim of the new legal solutions is to prepare RE teachers as will be competent specialists in theology, accomplished in didactics and pedagogy and capable of caring for – and contributing to – the upbringing of pupils of varying needs; as well as organizers of social activities in class and school, also in effective cooperation with the local parish. Despite the many changes, RE teachers still have very difficult situation in Poland and face many challenges.
EN
In the article, the author presents the family as the best setting for the effectiveness of education. In a society shaken by various kinds of individualism and selfishness, children must be enriched with a sense of love and quality of community, which is built in the family as communio personarum. The self-giving that inspires the love of husband and wife for each other is the model for the self-giving that must be practiced in the relationships between brothers and sisters and the different generations living together in the family. And the communion and sharing that are part of everyday life in the home at times of joy and at times of difficulty are the most concrete and effective pedagogy. The quality of community life in the family creates the base for human development and education.
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