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VRÁBLE-FIDVÁR – CENTRÁLNE SÍDLISKO EURÓPSKEHO VÝZNAMU. OSÍDLENIE ZO STARŠEJ DOBY BRONZOVEJ

100%

Bátora J., Tóth P., Rassmann K., Müller-Scheeßel N.

Studia Historica Nitriensia

2017

vol. 21

issue suppl.

19 - 33

The archaeological site Vráble-Fidvár belongs to one of the most well-known sites in Slovakia. Current field activities have been realized since 2007 within the framework of the joint Slovak-German project the aim of which has been to explore the origin, development and the fall of the fortified settlement from the viewpoint of a broad spectrum of research disciplines. A geo-magnetic survey detected several components from Prehistory and Proto-history. Field-walking survey and excavation were carried out in different areas within the large settlement complex from the Early Bronze Age. They showed that the houses in the central part of the settlement (acropolis) differed from others in their architecture and building materials. Eastward and southward from the fortification, there are dozens of storage pits which may the evidence of different reserve management. The burial ground was located approximately 300 m south of the fortified area. Up till now there have been excavated 37 graves dated to the Únětice Culture; an absolute majority of them were secondarily opened. An important aspect of the formation of the Early Bronze Age settlement was a suitable geographical location and proximity to sources of the non-ferrous metal ores.

PROSPECTION RESULTS IN THE ŽITAVA VALLEY

88%

Müller-Scheeßel N., Bátora J., Reiter S., Radloff K., Tóth P.

Študijné zvesti

2016

issue 60

79 - 96

In the spring of 2014, a joint German-Slovak prospection of the Žitava Valley was conducted with the intent of extending archaeological knowledge from Vráble-Fidvár to other sites in the Žitava Valley, an area in the Carpathian foothills which included a chain of Early Bronze Age fortified settlements. A series of 14 different known or suspected Early Bronze Age sites were evaluated, on three of which we decided to carry out further surveys (Maňa-Veľká Maňa, Bešeňov-Žitavský hon, Hul-Kratiny), including field walking, auger and geomagnetics. Despite very comparable surveying conditions, these three sites yielded very different results attributable to the different states of preservation and functions of the sites. In Maňa-Veľká Maňa, a slope of up to 7 % was recognized which contributed to the strong erosion and bad preservation of subsoil features. According to the geomagnetic results, the site at Bešeňov was not fortified. It seems likely that it was settled only intermittently or for a short period of time during the Early Bronze Age. The prospection in Hul yielded the best results. A fortification consisting of a ditch was detected by magnetometry. According to the pXRF-analyses, there was no human impact on the filling of the ditch, which suggests that the site was inhabited only for a very short period of time. In addition to the Žitava Valley work, a field walking campaign was carried out in Vráble-Fidvár. The distribution and density of the collected finds correlates well with the prospection completed in 2007. In February 2015, additional augers were performed there to collect sediment from the topsoil at approximately 40 cm beneath the surface. According to pXRF analyses, the concentration of phosphorus correlates with the pottery density.

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1 Studia Historica Nitriensia

1 Študijné zvesti

2 Bátora J.

2 Müller-Scheeßel N.

2 Tóth P.

1 Radloff K.

1 Rassmann K.

1 Reiter S.

1 2017

1 2016

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VRÁBLE-FIDVÁR – CENTRÁLNE SÍDLISKO EURÓPSKEHO VÝZNAMU. OSÍDLENIE ZO STARŠEJ DOBY BRONZOVEJ

PROSPECTION RESULTS IN THE ŽITAVA VALLEY