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EN
The aim of the action at the level of healthcare has become not only a quantitative dimension, which means extending the duration of life, but also qualitative, extension of the duration of life in good health, which is not accompanied by disability and activity limitation due to health living. Health gap is defined as the difference between the current state of health in the population and the condition termed full health. In contrast, the area between the survival curve and the estimated population norm for survival is called a gap in the population, which are the losses resulting from mortality before the expected age. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the size of the gap of health and gaps in the population and to determine the relationship between them as the risk function in health.
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EN
The progress of the aging population and its diversity associated with space and time, the interaction with the socio-economic situation requires the use of alternative measures of analysis of this phenomenon. The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamics of differences and the advancement of the aging population of the Silesian agglomeration. Recognition reveals the diversity heterogeneity in the population structure of cities and in the course of demographic change.
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Rodzina modeli Lee-Cartera

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EN
This paper presents a proposal for the application of selected models of the group of models using the Lee and Carter methodology for forecasting mortality rates. These include the original Lee-Carter, the Lee-Miller (2001) and Booth-Maindonald-Smith (2002) variants, and the more flexible Hyndman-Ullah (2005) and de Jong (2006) extensions. Based on estimates of mortality rates derived from the selected models was verified the ability to use these models to estimate mortality rates in Poland.
EN
Not only has the quantity (i.e. in terms of the extension of the duration of life) become the aim of action on the health plane, but also the qualitative, or extending the duration of lifein good health, which is not accompanied by disability and life activity limitations due to health. To estimate changes in health status of the population, implemented health programs and medical care needed new health measures. Meters beyond the negative indicators on mortality and life expectancy, but also including other dimensions of health status and quality of life related to health. This group of measures is called summary measures of population health and is divided into two main parts: the measure of the health expectancies and measures of health gap. The aim of the article is a presentation and use of selected health summary measures for estimating life expectancy in good health of Polish population against the background of the population of the European Union countries. Data from the Central Statistical Office and the European Statistical System as well as database and publications prepared by the World Health Organization and the United Nations will be a base of empirical analysis.
EN
Department of Cardiology in Chorzów was formed in 2002 and the immediate cause of its opening was high mortality of peri-infarct in hospital on approx. level 30%. This branch has constantly duty in cardiology for the city of Chorzów and neighboring cities providing permanent access of patients to the Specialist Division and the necessary consultations, also for patients Municipal Hospital Admissions and other Branches. The aim of the paper is to present the dynamics of changes in the number of treatment and survival rates for patients with acute coronary syndromes and other conditions of lifethreatening cardiac reasons. Also present position Division of Cardiology in Chorzow on the background of the situation in the whole region. For this purpose the simple measurement of dynamic analysis and Migration Selectivity Ratio adapted here to the assessment of Cardiology in Chorzow compare with the results for the province of Silesia
EN
The aim of this paper is to provide a statistical description of the demographic structure of the members of the Open Pension Funds as well as its dynamics. The paper also describes the process of ageing of the Open Pension Funds' members taking into account the whole operating period of the funds. Selected demographic measures were used to analyze the demographic structure changes of the funds' members in total and by sex and age. To describe the process of ageing some alternative measures based on central moments of the empirical distributions were employed. The analysis reveals a significant differences of the process of ageing between the funds.
PL
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie, jak kształtują się zasoby krwi na wejściu do systemu cywilnego krwiodawstwa w Polsce na podstawie analizy dynamiki zmian w strukturze głównej determinanty sukcesu krwiodawstwa (dawców) oraz sformułowanie rekomendacji zmierzających do poprawy bezpieczeństwa zdrowotnego państwa w obszarze samowystarczalności zasobów krwi. Za sukces funkcjonowania krwiodawstwa uznano przede wszystkim takie zarządzanie zasobami krwi i jej składnikami, które dąży do zrównania popytu i podaży na krew i jej składniki w każdym momencie. Taka sytuacja jest możliwa, gdy dysponuje się wystarczającą liczbą dawców. W badaniu wykorzystano analizę przesunięć udziałów, która służy do badania zmian strukturalnych zjawisk ekonomicznych i społecznych, mogących zachodzić w przestrzeni geograficznej w określonym przedziale czasu. Aby uwzględnić to, że każde województwo nie występuje jako odrębny geograficznie obszar, tylko zależy od przestrzennych interakcji z sąsiadującymi obszarami, w badaniu wykorzystano również przestrzenną analizę przesunięć udziałów. Otrzymane wyniki posłużą ocenie dynamiki zmian liczby dawców wynikającej ze struktury wieku dawców krwi w poszczególnych województwach (efekt strukturalny) i ze zmian konkurencyjności danego obszaru (efekt geograficzny). Znajomość natury zmian może być pomocna przy kształtowaniu konkretnych narzędzi oddziaływania na dawców (w tym również potencjalnych). 
EN
The paper aims at understanding how blood resources are formed at the entrance to the blood donation in the spatial and age section and formulating on the basis of this assessment recommendations that help improve the health safety of the State in the area of self‑sufficiency of blood supplies. The success of the functioning of blood donation primarily depends on the resource management of blood and its components that seeks to equate supply and demand for blood and its components at any time. Such a situation is possible when a sufficient number of blood donors are available. The research employed a shift‑share analysis that is used to study structural changes in economic and social phenomena that may occur in a geographical area within a specified period of time. To account for the fact that each province does not exist as a separate geographic area but depends on its spatial interactions with neighbouring areas, the study also used a spatial shift‑share analysis. The results will be used to assess the dynamics of changes in the number of blood donors, resulting from the age structure of blood donors in a particular province (a structural effect) and from changes in the internal situation of the competitiveness of a given area (a geographic effect). Knowledge concerning the nature of these changes can be helpful in developing specific tools that would encourage donors (including the potential ones) to donate blood.
EN
Blood donation allows to obtain blood and its components from healthy people in a bid to help treatment of anonymous individuals, relying on timely and sufficient supplies of matching blood. Being a social initiative, it depends on multiple factors. Those factors are possible to be shaped and are subject to research. This paper aims to present the dynamics of change in spatial dependencies determining development of blood donation in Poland from 2005 to 2010. Spatial analysis of data enables identification of similarities and differences between voivodeships in a given period. Testing of hypothesis concerning spatial autocorrelation was carried out using tools of spatial statistics. This paper's subject matter concentrates on pointing towards the direction and extent of changes illustrated with an example of analysis investigating the number of blood donations per hospital bed in wards with high demand on blood and its components. The number of blood donors per 1000 residents in 18 - 65 age was also analysed.
EN
In the paper work we will take study of the occurrence of demographic aging risk. We will use population study carried out in 2011, and the methods of analysis of demographic and regional indicators. We will begin with setting the rate of demographic aging and the selectivity index influx to urban people over the age of 50, and then move on to assess the demographic gap perceived as functioning in health risk in selected cities in Poland.
PL
Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie koncepcji doboru podmiotów świadczących usługi medyczne w województwie łódzkim do klastrów. Klaster medyczny to celowo dobrana grupa podmiotów o kompetencjach komplementarnych połączona zależnościami o charakterze organizacyjnym, prawnym, finansowym i naukowym, którego celem jest konsumpcja efektu synergii z korzyścią dla pacjentów, budżetu państwa i nauki. W badaniu wykorzystano metody wielowymiarowej analizy danych. W pierwszej kolejności za pomocą hierarchicznej procedury grupowania wyodrębniono grupy podobnych do siebie z punktu widzenia kompetencji medycznych szpitali. Następnie określono kryteria podziału charakteryzujące odrębności kompetencyjne w ramach grup. W ten sposób otrzymano grupy szpitali niepodobnych (najbardziej różnych od siebie). Następnie na podstawie kryterium minimalnej odległości z każdej grupy szpitali wybierano po jednym obiekcie, aby w ten sposób otrzymać nowe grupy obiektów, zdecydowanie różnych pod względem możliwości oferowanych usług medycznych, a jednocześnie znajdujących się w niedalekiej odległości od siebie. Te dwa aspekty mogą stanowić przesłankę do zainicjowania współpracy między tymi obiektami w ramach klastra medycznego.
EN
This article aims at presenting a concept of the way entities that provide medical services should be selected for clusters. A medical cluster is a designated group of entities that represent complimentary competencies and are connected organisational, legal, financial and scientific interdependencies. A medical cluster is oriented to benefit from a synergy effect to support patients, the state budget and science. The research employed a multidimensional data analysis. Firstly, a hierarchical grouping procedure was used to distinguish groups of hospitals that have similar medical competencies. Then, division criteria that characterise competence differences within the groups in question were found.  This way, groups of dissimilar (the most dissimilar) hospitals were obtained. Subsequently, on the basis of a minimal distance criterion, one entity was selected from each group to obtain new groups of entities that were decisively different in the context of medical services offered and simultaneously situated in the close vicinity to one another. These two aspects may offer some premises to initiate co-operation between the entities subject to the research within a given medical cluster.
EN
The aim of this paper is to show and compare different levels of risk during a day and during a week on spot markets from the Polish Power Exchange (POLPX) and the European Energy Exchange (EEX). Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) the classification of contracts from the two power exchanges was made. The classification was made for linear rates of return of 24 contracts listed on the power exchanges from 01.2009 to 24.10.2012. Additionally, the 24 contracts were divided into seven groups dependent on the day of a week. Based on these data sets the classification of risk during a week was made.
EN
The effectiveness functioning of the blood donation system is to provide of citizens' health security. It is subject of an action both medical and logistical services. The aim of this paper is to use multivariate statistical analysis to assess the functioning blood donation system and risk analysis in this study area. In this paper the methods were used multivariate data mining in the study of blood donation system activities in the European Union countries.
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