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Palenie papierosów w populacji osób czynnych zawodowo

100%

Kaleta D., Korytkowski P., Makowiec-Dąbrowska T.

Medycyna Pracy

2013

vol. 64

issue 3

359-371

Background: Tobacco smoking is one of the major risk factors for chronic diseases and results in huge economic and social costs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of smoking. Moreover, we evaluated the association between selected socio-economic factors and tobacco smoking among economically active individuals. Material and Methods: The study population covered 2254 economically active men and 1666 women. Data were derived from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS). Results: About 37.3% of men and 28.2% of women smoke regularly. Daily smoking was significantly associated with low level of education in men (primary vs. high education OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.9-5.3; p < 0.001; vocational vs. high education: OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.5-3.0; p < 0.001) and women (primary vs. high education OR = 2.8, CI: 1.4-5.5; p < 0.01; vocational vs. high education: OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-2.9; p < 0.01). Daily smoking was significantly associated with age of women (40-49 years vs. 20-29 years OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.1-2.44; p < 0.01), lack of awareness of health effects of smoking in both genders (men unaware vs. aware: OR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.8-4.6; p < 0.01 and women unaware vs. aware: OR = 2,9, 95% CI: 1.5-5.7; p < 0.01). Smoking was associated with lack of complete smoking bans at workplaces of respondents. Conclusions: Comprehensive interventions are needed to reduce the prevalence of smoking among economically active individuals. Med Pr 2013;64(3):359–371

Wstęp: Palenie tytoniu przyczynia się do powstawania znaczących szkód zdrowotnych oraz generuje istotne koszty społeczne i ekonomiczne. Niniejsza praca przedstawia rozpowszechnienie palenia papierosów oraz analizę zależności między wybranymi czynnikami społeczno-ekonomicznymi a codziennym paleniem tytoniu wśród osób aktywnych zawodowo. Materiał i metody: W niniejszej pracy wykorzystano dane dotyczące 2254 mężczyzn i 1666 kobiet czynnych zawodowo pochodzące z Globalnego Badania Używania Tytoniu (Global Adult Tobacco Survey - GATS). Wyniki: Wśród mężczyzn 37,3%, a wśród kobiet 28,2% badanych paliło regularnie papierosy. Regularne palenie tytoniu było związane z poziomem wykształcenia (u mężczyzn - podstawowe vs wyższe: OR = 3,2; 95% CI: 1,9-5,3; p < 0,001; zasadnicze vs wyższe: OR = 2,1; 95% CI: 1,5-3,0; p < 0,001; u kobiet - podstawowe vs wyższe: OR = 2,8; 95% CI: 1,4-5,5; p < 0,01; zasadnicze vs wyższe: OR = 1,9; 95% CI: 1,2-2,9; p < 0,01). Wiązało się także z wiekiem kobiet (40-49 lat vs 20-29 lat, OR = 1,64; 95% CI: 1,1-2,44; p < 0,01) i brakiem świadomości szkodliwości palenia (mężczyźni nieświadomi vs świadomi: OR = 2,9; 95% CI: 1,8-4,6; p < 0,01; kobiety nieświadome vs świadome: OR = 2,9; 95% CI: 1,5-5,7; p < 0,01). U ankietowanych, którzy deklarowali brak całkowitego zakazu palenia w miejscu pracy, ryzyko regularnego palenia papierosów było wielokrotnie wyższe w porównaniu z osobami deklarującymi obowiązywanie całkowitego zakazu palenia w tych miejscach. Wnioski: Konieczne są kompleksowe działania ograniczające rozpowszechnienie palenia wśród osób czynnych zawodowo. Med. Pr. 2013;64(3):359–371

Heaviness of smoking among employed men and women in Poland

76%

Kaleta D., Wojtysiak P., Usidame B., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E., Fronczak A., Korytkowski P., Makowiec-Dąbrowska T.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

2015

vol. 29

issue 2

191-208

Objectives At least 50% of smokers die prematurely. Those who smoke heavily are at an increased health risk. The purpose of the current report was to evaluate socio-demographic correlates of heavy smoking among employed men and women. Material and Methods Data derive from the representative, household study – the Global Adult Tobacco Survey conducted in Poland over the years 2008–2010. Results Of 14 000 households selected for the survey, 7840 sampled individuals completed the interviews. Among 1189 daily smokers, the rate of heavy smokers was 63.5% in males and 43% in employed females (p < 0.001). The study showed that age and age at the smoking onset were significantly associated with heavy smoking among both genders. Among males and females the heavy smoking rate was the highest in the subjects that started smoking at the age between 14–17 years compared to those who started smoking at the age ≥ 21 years (odds ratio (OR) = 3.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2–5.5, p < 0.001 and OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.4–5.3, p < 0.0001, respectively). The men with house rules that prohibited smoking with some exceptions were 2.4 times more likely to be heavy smokers in comparison with those having rules which completely prohibited it (p < 0.01). The men working in workplaces where smoking was prohibited in all indoor areas were at lower odds of heavy smoking relative to those working in areas where smoking was allowed everywhere (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9, p < 0.05). Among the men, there was also an association between job features and heavy smoking, which was not observed among the women. Conclusions These findings should be taken into account while developing tobacco control measures addressed to economically active population.

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1 International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

1 Medycyna Pracy

2 Kaleta D.

2 Korytkowski P.

2 Makowiec-Dąbrowska T.

1 Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E.

1 Fronczak A.

1 Usidame B.

1 Wojtysiak P.

1 2015

1 2014

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Palenie papierosów w populacji osób czynnych zawodowo

Heaviness of smoking among employed men and women in Poland