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Uwagi szczegółowe do pracy Jana Kowalika pt. „Bibliografia czasopism polskich wydanych poza granicami Kraju od września 1939 roku”

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Chojnacki W.

Studia Polonijne

1982

vol. 5

279-303

Kowalik’s work belongs to these bibliographies which we usually call elementary in this branch of knowledge. This is caused not only by the period to which it refers (1939-1973), but most of all by its teritorial extent (the whole world) and by an extremely detailed method of bibliographical description of 3907 items. All this taken together caused a number of problems and troubles which the author faced when he started his many years work upon his bibliography. Comprehensive bibliographies, and such is J. Kowalik’s work, after the first edition still demanded to be supplemented, corrected and improved. Hence there are some detailed remarks on particular positions put here. Those remarks can be divided into two groups. First of them containing corrections and supplements caused merely by bibliographical contents (repetitions of the same descriptions of periodicals, missing information in an annotation about a predecessor, continuation or an addition in a number of bibliographical items, not extensive use of sources quoted by the author, inaccurate or needless references, wrong alphabetical order etc.). The second group consists of supplements and corrections based solely on J. Kowalik’s own collections and materials without borrowing information from public libraries and literature (issued after 1973), which was not available for him. Undoubtedly a thorough examination of national libriaries (which the author of this bibliography hasn’t done) would have resulted in a considerable supplementary material. This should be done in future. The above made remarks do not contain supplementary titles because they had been placed before in my above-mentioned review.

Księgarstwo polskie w Westfalii i Nadrenii do 1914 roku

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Chojnacki W.

Studia Polonijne

1981

vol. 4

201-212

Polish book trade in Westphalia and Rhineland appeared almost simultaneously with the emigrants from the Polish territories annexed to Prussia, in the 70-ties of 19th century. The separation from motherland, and a larger amount of spare time after work caused a specific „hunger" for the printed word, which at the beginning was appeased by hawking book trade. The first distributors of Polish books were people working in the local societies (e.g. Hipolit Sybilski), and as soon as this primitive form of trade became common - also miners and factory workers, who soon abandoned their jobs and opened their own book-shops (e.g. W. Józefoski). These were not, however, bookshops like the modern ones, since they also sold fancy goods, stationary, paintings, devotional articles, tobacco, etc. Sometimes besides books, especially of religious character, coffins and mourning accessories, glass and china were sold there, and also bookbinder's, framer's, and glazier's workshops were run Even barbers engaged in book trade. There were plainly a lot of customers, since in 1911 the police authorities found that there were no less than 123 bookshops or other places where books were sold in Westphalia and Rhineland. Only a few of them deserved their name, having a full assortment of Polish books printed in the three parts of the partitioned Poland. They were first of all bookshops attached to bigger press associations: „Wiarus polski” in Bochum (since 1893), „Dziennik Polski" in Dortmund (1904-1906) and „Narodowiec" in Herne (since 1909). This latter even had the main store of Karol Miarka's from Mikołów publications. Bookshops, and even the smallest book-selling places were constantly kept under surveillance by the police, who often confiscated books, almanachs, postcards, proclamations, or even pins and buttons with national emblems. Such searches not always consisted only in confiscating the „forbidden" materials, but the owner or director eventually were sentenced to high fines or prison. Polish book trade, especially the religious book, was probably profitable, since at the beginning of 20th century also big German publishers and bookbinding firms joined it (e.g. Butzon and Bercker, Jansen and Derricks, A. Riffarth, Van den Wyenbergh). The outbreak of World War I Caused a considerable regress in Polish book trade, since many small bookshops were shut up when their owners were called up to the army, and also because a common pauperization of the population caused by the long war did not promote dissemination of books.

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2 Chojnacki W.

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Uwagi szczegółowe do pracy Jana Kowalika pt. „Bibliografia czasopism polskich wydanych poza granicami Kraju od września 1939 roku”

Księgarstwo polskie w Westfalii i Nadrenii do 1914 roku