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1
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Oskarżeni o współpracę z bolszewikami i działalność komunistyczną przed siedleckim Sądem Okręgowym w latach 1918-1939

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Sowińska D.
Historia i Świat
|
2012
|
issue 1
45-65
EN
Interwar period in Poland was full of many phenomena, which are elements of the development of the new state. Among them was also condemn those that interfere destructively on the general public, and even were the factors threatening the sovereignty of the newly liberated country. In the former Polish Kingdom, attention is the problem of Polish citizens cooperate with the Bolsheviks during the 1920 war phenomenon is met with strong opposition of the broad masses of society and special interest of justice. The case list the Criminal Division of the District Court of Siedlce, early 20s Twentieth century, was the site of many processes, accused of favoring the Bolsheviks, against the Polish state. Each of the pending issues here, reveals another reason to establish this collaboration. Frequently it was the fear, the defendants rarely reveal ideological reasons. With time, these processes took place Lawsuits brought accused of belonging to a communist organization. Although the scale of their operations within the jurisdiction of the District Court of Siedlce was not large, it is especially in the early 30s became prominent among the workers and artisans. Also carried out active propaganda among young people, with an affected by unemployment and lack of prospects. Their goal was to overthrow the existing regime and take power in Poland. Therefore, any Communist activity, increase its vigilance of law enforcement and justice.
2
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Siedlecka Temida i jej „klienci” w relacjach międzywojennej prasy

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Sowińska D.
Historia i Świat
|
2013
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issue 2
141-159
EN
Among the many publications on the judiciary and the law may indicate little, in which it was subject matter of the social dimension of law. It leaves out the question of the role of sociological and psychological factors that affect the atmosphere of the courtroom, and the perception of the court – sovereign power by coming to him for justice. Pay attention to the topic of creating these factors by the media, whose voice grew in the interwar period louder and louder. Press releases from the courtroom appear quite often in the pages of the local press in Siedlce, aroused particular interest to readers. They were in fact a direct message from the “theater of life”, showed the true story of a man whose guilt had settled usually triple the jury. The accused was against the prosecutor, and sometimes also in the audience, who entered the trial as a real theater, with a ticket in hand. In the lobby we could hear comments on the matter, judge, prosecutor, defender, and above all, the accused and his family. A deep interest in Siedlce court case list is the fact that people often gathered here waiting for the outcome of late. Press information function in addition to meet the educational role. Journalists quickly noticed widely read topics on the right. For this reason, they uploaded more and more articles that explain the essence of the laws and regulations, knowledge of which they considered necessary in everyday life. Press releases related to the crimes committed. Vivid description of the event were acting on the imagination, which had warned the victim and deter potential criminals by showing them the consequences of breaking the law. Please ensure you fully appreciate the role of the press in shaping public opinion on the law, the drafting and enforcement.
3
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[review] A. Zawadzki, Gospodarka Południowego Podlasia w latach 1918 – 1939., Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Instytut Historii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych UPH w Siedlcach, 2014, ss. 565

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Sowińska D.
Historia i Świat
|
2014
|
issue 3
277-283
4
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Przestępczość kryminalna w okresie międzywojennym na obszarze siedleckiego okręgu sądowego. Sprawca, motyw, kara

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Sowińska D.
Rozprawy Społeczne
|
2015
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vol. 9
|
issue 3
38-50
PL
Dwudziestolecie międzywojenne to okres szczególny nie tylko ze względu na wydarzenia historyczne w Polsce, ale również ze względu na kształtowanie się mentalności wolnych Polaków. Problemy społeczne, wyznaniowe, narodowościowe, różnice kulturowe w nowo powstałej państwowości to jedynie pośrednie przyczyny popełniania czynów zabronionych. Głównym celem podjętej analizy akt sądowych z lat 1918-1939, dotyczących przestępstw kryminalnych jest przedstawienie obrazu statystycznego zabójcy, gwałciciela, osoby dokonującej rozboju, kradzieży z włamaniem. Za pomocą specjalnie do tego celu skonstruowanych ankiet określono jego wiek, status społeczny, majątkowy, stan cywilny, wykształcenie. Wskazano również na najczęstsze motywy czynów w poszczególnych grupach społecznych. Ostatni aspekt analizy dotyczy popełnionego czynu i orzeczenia sądowego, które pokazuje funkcjonowanie wymiaru sprawiedliwości w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym oraz narzędzia, jakie miał on do dyspozycji w postaci kodeksów prawa. Analiza postępowań przed sądem w sprawach o najcięższe zbrodnie została oparta nie tylko na kazusach obowiązującego prawa, ale również wzięto pod uwagę aspekty socjologiczne, psychologiczne, uwarunkowania kulturowe i materialne.
EN
The interwar period is a special period not only because of the historical events in Poland, but also due to the formation of the mentality of free Poles. Social, religious and ethnic issues and also cultural differences in the newly established statehood are only some indirect causes of committing criminal acts. The main objective of the analysis of the court records reported between the years 1918-1939 and concerning criminal offenses is to provide a picture of a statistical killer, rapist and a person committing the robbery or burglary. By using specially designed questionnaires their age, education, social, financial and marital status have been determined. Moreover, the most common motives of crime in the particular social groups have also been indicated. The last aspect of the analysis concerns the committed crime and the court ruling which shows the functioning of justice in the interwar period and the tools it had at its disposal in the form of codes of law. An analysis of court proceedings in cases of the most serious crimes has been based not only on case studies of the law being then in force, but also on sociological and psychological aspects, and cultural and material conditions were taken into account.
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