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PL
Praca naukowa została sfinansowana ze środków na naukę w latach 2010-2015 jako projekt badawczy własny nr N N112 305138.
EN
In this paper the author presents the concept of political entrepreneurship and provides a synthetic overview of the key approaches to it. Special emphasis has been placed on the idea of “business” entrepreneurs making direct attempt at changing or evading existing institutional framework in which they operate – which directly represents the idea of unproductive entrepreneurship presented by W.Baumol. Also, other approaches to the idea of political entrepreneurship are referred to such as political entrepreneurship by politicians as well as the notion of institutional entrepreneurship widely discussed in organization theory. The main focus of the paper is to highlight the very act entrepreneurial spirit manifested in attempts in changing institutions, especially in the environment of poor institutional quality.
PL
Przedsiębiorczość społeczna powstaje w okolicznościach braku zasobów w różnych obszarach życia społeczno-gospodarczego. Celem autorki jest identyfikacja i analiza zasobów oraz sposobów związanych z mobilizacją tychże zasobów, w przedsięwzięciach ekonomii społecznej. Zostały one przedstawione jako przykłady „dobrych praktyk” na polskim portalu wiedzy o przedsiębiorczości społecznej. Autorka wykorzystuje profile 25 przypadków takich dobrych praktyk i poddaje analizie zawarte w nich treści. Dokonując dekonstrukcji tychże profili, identyfikuje kategorie przedsięwzięć społecznych oraz cechy charakterystyczne pozyskiwanych zasobów.
EN
The aim of this paper is to analyse and identify resources, resourcing ways and challenges related among “good practice” examples presented in “Atlas of social economy in Poland”. The Atlas has been promoted in the biggest Internet portal on social enterprise, social economy and social entrepreneurship in Poland. To achieve this aim, the author uses 25 cases of “good practices” presented in the Atlas and deconstructs the profiles’ content. Two types of social enterprise initiatives, as regards resource mobilization are identified. Also, related challenges are discussed in the context of resource mobilization.
EN
entrepreneurship and small business management. The articles included here have been submitted by authors doing their research in Germany, Malta, Poland, the UK, the USA, in multiple contexts and cultures. The topics included cover family business, immigrant entrepreneurship, sustainable tourism in a small territory context, and competitiveness among enterprises and at universities. The first paper, authored by Yoon G. Lee and Myung-Soo Lee, entitled “The Impact of Business Ownership Motives and Goals on Success in Immigrant Owned Family Businesses”, pictures how family business goals and ownership motivations influence family business satisfaction and business success. This work is strongly focused on the comparison between Mexican- -American and Korean-American family owned business. This contribution is particularly valuable as there is limited research on immigrant family firms owners in the USA. The findings show differences in family life satisfaction, which is higher among Mexican-American immigrant family business owners than among Korean-American ones. The article also shows that a higher level of business ownership and related motives significantly determine how migrants perceive their business success.
EN
Social entrepreneurship3, as a field of research, has gained enormous interest of academics in management and entrepreneurship literature for almost 30 years now. Also, scholars in other intellectual domains like economics, finance, marketing, political science, sociology and few others, have found it fascinating. As a term, it is common in public discourses and has found interest among policy makers, corporations, media, different groups of practitioners and professionals. As a phenomenon it is not new, although the SE term has been only recently coined (Banks, 1972; Drucker, 1979). For far more than two centuries great individuals and groups have tried to tackle the societal challenges, using economic means, such as the Rochdale Pioneers who inspired cooperative ideals, and Florence Nightingale – an English nurse and social activist, who changed the patient care landscape (Nicholls, 2006). Many of the ventures and actions of social initiatives can be traced to the earlier, medieval or even ancient times. Today, social initiatives and social enterprise have emerged in particular countries and regions as a result of their historical institutional trajectories, and “social enterprise landscape ZOO” (Young & Brewer, 2016) has become very heterogeneous. The interest of management and entrepreneurship research into the phenomenon has resulted in an unprecedented increase in scholarly output. The historical analysis of SE research (Moss, Lumpkin & Short, 2017) published in key journals and databases shows an increase from one paper to 45 papers published per year between 1990 and 2010. SE centers established in universities like Oxford, Harvard and Cambridge have designed degree programmes, dedicated textbooks, and separate SE conferences, special journals like Social Enterprise Journal, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and many more have been introduced for educational and publication purposes. SE has become popular as a response to the inabilities of governments and business to solve pressing social problems, including poverty, social exclusion, and environmental issues. All of the above are manifested in the diversity of different SE initiatives. Thus, we express our interest to explain and predict SE and social enterprise as phenomena, to identify related antecedents and outcomes, but also to look into the box of SE processes. This special issue attempts to respond to this interest. Diverse methodological approaches including descriptive, explanatory or exploratory ones are included in the papers in this issue. SE phenomenon is studied on an individual, organizational, and even a macro level. Different data is employed: current or archival data, primary or secondary, referring to different country settings such as Taiwan, Poland, Italy and England. Through the inclusion of such diverse perspectives and context, this issue works as a holistic approach to the phenomenon under analysis. In the following sections of this paper, we first provide a succinct overview of SE as a phenomenon and research field. We summarize the definitional debate and point to valuable theoretical frameworks for studying SE. Next, we introduce individual authors’ contributions to the issue and, finally, we propose further suggestions for future research.
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