The complexity of decision problems – faced by managers – eludes simple analyses, the most important managerial choices relate to situations which are variable, capricious and related to the unpredictable future. Such difficult conditions stimulate intuitive thinking. As it is defined, intuition is absolute recognition that allows us to see the problem as it is. Decision-makers use intuition not only to experience illumination, but more often to search for key information or to base their judgment on information creatively processed beyond consciousness. Each time, however, the difficulty of decision making process may encourage managers to overcome the fragility of human nature using some form of intuitive feelings.
Comparing modernity with the Middle Ages, you can see how different the times were, but this difference disappears when you look at it from a distance and focus your attention mainly on signals of decline. There are many of them, for example changing the approach to the globalization process. The Medieval Silk Road was getting deserted in the fourteenth century, citizens frightened by the plague, were locked in their national communities. Crises, riots – are well known from the past. And although today special institutions are involved in maintaining global order, they are not effective enough. One can get the impression that a new era has been forging before our eyes. If this is the case, it is worth paying attention to those activities that helped survive medieval crisis. The principles thanks to which many countries managed to take a better position are also valid in the twenty-first century. It is worth using them. Presently, we witness a lot of threats, but it is the moment concealing unique opportunities.
Artykuł omawia rolę człowieka w systemie zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa cyfrowego. Podjęte na potrzeby artykułu badania wynikają z podejścia analityczno-diagnostycznego. Podstawową metodą badawczą służącą osiągnięciu wyznaczonych celów jest metoda analizy i krytyki literatury przedmiotu oraz analizy prac przeglądowych opisujących naruszenia bezpieczeństwa w cyberprzestrzeni wykorzystujące słabości ludzkiej osobowości. Przede wszystkim identyfikowane są cechy osobowościowe i charakterologiczne prowadzące do wynoszenia informacji poza organizację lub sprzedawanie ważnych danych. Wskazano na skłonności psychopatyczne, a prócz nich wyróżniono jeszcze osobowość niedojrzałą, narcystyczną i egotyczną. Omówione zostały przyczyny ujawniania danych wrażliwych. W ten sposób artykuł ukazuje problem zabezpieczeń systemów informatycznych od innej strony oraz pomaga zrozumieć mechanizm kradzieży lub wycieku ważnych informacji. Skoro słabości zabezpieczeń upatruje się w cechach osobowościowych – artykuł wskazuje na możliwość uprzedzającego rozpoznania zagrożeń i wzmocnienia bezpieczeństwa. Droga do niego wiedzie przez zastosowanie maszynowego uczenia się, wykorzystanie sztucznej inteligencji i analizy behawioralnej. Dzięki temu udaje się zidentyfikować potencjalnie niebezpieczne osoby, nie radzące sobie z własnymi problemami.
EN
The aim of this article is to identify human traits that are responsible for the propensity to betray and take secrets outside the organisation. For this purpose, an analytical-diagnostic approach has been used. The primary research method to achieve the stated objectives is the method of analysis and critique of the literature on the subject and the analysis of review papers describing security breaches in cyberspace, when the source of these breaches is the exploitation of human personality weaknesses. First of all, personality and character traits leading to taking information outside the organisation or selling important data are identified. Psychopathic tendencies are identified, in addition to the immature, narcissistic and egotistical personality. The reasons for disclosing sensitive data are discussed. In this way, the article shows a different side of the problem of information system security and helps to understand the mechanism of theft or leakage of important information. Since security weaknesses are attributed to personality traits, the article points to the possibility of anticipatory threat recognition and security enhancement. This is achieved through the use of machine learning, artificial intelligence and behavioural analysis. This succeeds in identifying potentially dangerous individuals who are not coping with their own problems.
The desire to be able to live more comfortably, much easier and in pleasant way makes kitsch easily permeate into life. Kitsh start shaping choices and is responsible for people’s thinking about themselves and their future. It would not be so dangerous if they would exist unchallenged patterns and valid norms that men could be referred to them if necessary. Even in the last century, unchanging values one could find in the school, family life, science or art. However, much has changed in the twenty-first century. The rank and impartiality of science were questioned. Art – attracted by chance of easy popularity, was seduced by kitsch. Unattractive school pedagogy together with a family are in a constant crisis. It make kitsch easier to find comfortable nestle in young heads. The consequences do not let you wait. There appears to be lowering the requirements, resignation from the effort of development. It start to be interesting to settle for a smaller and what is undemanding. When we thinking about the future, we choose life strategies „lined” with the kitsch and perpetuating shoddy templates of achieving life goals.
Hereby article can be perceived as an attempt to analyze the consequences of pandemics for the society in general and education in particular. It gives an overview of pandemics throughout centuries with special emphasis on education, schools and universities. Attention has been drawn onto the measures having been taken to mitigate the negative consequences pandemics brought about. Special consideration has been devoted to current situation in Poland with the emphasis on negative effects and deep analysis of the reasons which caused chaos and deficiencies in actions undertaken by the authorities, has been put forward. Authors focus on the individual approach of both teachers and students towards distant learning, Reasons and potential consequences of the failure of on-line education. In this article, the authors argue that epidemics are pushing education sideways. The quality of education decreases and the desire to acquire knowledge decreases. The main goal of the article was to show the education process in the past and present under pandemic conditions. The authors made an attempt to show what can be kept in the education process and what must be abandoned. The discussions in this text show education as a victim of a pandemic, about this problem relatively little is said, although value of the education in the development of civilization is unquestionable.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.