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Etyka administracji publicznej a funkcja edukacyjna sądów administracyjnych – glosa częściowo krytyczna do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z 15 lipca 2021 r., sygn. akt III OSK 3869/21

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Jaworski A.

Studia Prawa Publicznego

2024

issue 1 (45)

179-200

This gloss discusses two, at first glance imperceptible, problems that are concentrated in the ruling analyzed. The first of these is the practical application of ethical principles by public administration bodies. In the case being commented on – submitting an application for a school scholarship beyond the statutory deadline – the public administration authorities not only failed to fulfill their obligations related to the fair consideration of the case, but also to provide protection to a family in a difficult life situation. Such protection is guaranteed not only by statutes, including the Code of Administrative Procedure, but also by the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and international agreements binding on Poland. The Supreme Administrative Court’s judgment focused primarily on the analysis of the provisions of the Education System Act, without paying much attention to the above-mentioned problem of standards that should guide public administration. In the author’s opinion, such a way of considering the case, which ignores the broader context of the primary causes of the entire problem, should be considered as a serious omission. In the light of the fundamental role of the courts in protecting the fundamental rights of the individual, as well as the influence of case law on shaping the legal culture of public authorities and society, the duty of the court – especially the court of last instance – is to provide a detailed explanation of all doubts that have arisen in a given case and a comprehensive justification of the reasons for a given decision. The goal that the court should strive for is not only to uphold and promote certain standards or maintain the uniformity of case law, but also to ensure that both the parties and all other recipients of the judgment have no or the least possible doubts as to the correctness of the judgment. All this significantly affects the authority of the judiciary and the trust of citizens in it, and thus to some extent, also their faith in the entire public authority in Poland.

Nieczytelność oświadczenia o stanie majątkowym jako przesłanka do stwierdzenia jego bezskutecznego złożenia

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Jaworski A.

Studia Prawa Publicznego

2024

issue 2 (46)

127-142

Declarations of ﬁnancial interests are considered one of the key elements of the Polish anti-corruption system. Unfortunately, due to the negligence of the legislator, there are often numerous practical problems that control authorities have to deal with. One of them is the illegibility of the submitted declarations, which makes it impossible to verify their content. This is a serious shortcoming that makes it difficult to control persons holding public functions and can be used to circumvent the imposed obligations.This text considers whether, despite the lack of detailed regulations regarding the “style” of completing the declaration of interests, control authorities are forced to accept documents that cannot be veriﬁed. In the author’s opinion, the directive of a rational legislator requires just the opposite, in order to ensure the effectiveness of such key provisions from the point of view of democracy as anti-corruption provisions. Refusal to accept the declaration should be made by applying, by analogia legis, the provisions of art. 64. § 2 of the Code of Adminisrative Procedure – by ﬁnding a formal deﬁciency and requesting its correction. The criterion of readability itself should be based on the pattern of the average recipient, developed on the basis of the principles of knowledge, life experience and logical reasoning. This position, supported by case law and general principles of administrative proceedings, allows for the proper functioning of this element of the anti-corruption system, while protecting the rights of the obliged person.

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2 Studia Prawa Publicznego

2 Jaworski A.

2 2024

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Etyka administracji publicznej a funkcja edukacyjna sądów administracyjnych – glosa częściowo krytyczna do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z 15 lipca 2021 r., sygn. akt III OSK 3869/21

Nieczytelność oświadczenia o stanie majątkowym jako przesłanka do stwierdzenia jego bezskutecznego złożenia