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EN
The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of prospective differences in factors of verbal and figural creativity, like fluency, flexibility and elaboration, between pupils who read books in their free time and those who do not read. The next aim was to determine the extent of influence of reading in free time on verbal and figural creativity. Totally 169 pupils from elementary schools participated in this research. Number of those who read in their free time was 63 (37,28%). In the group there were totally 89 (52,66%) boys and 80 (47,33%) girls. Participants ranged in age from 10 to 15 years (M= 13,08; SD= 0,82). Data were collected with using Torrance Test of Creative Thinking – figural part and some adapted tasks from tests of verbal creativity from Guilford and Torrance. The results show that there are significant differences between readers and non-readers in verbal and figural creativity. Differences were also demonstrated in the most factors of creativity, the only exception was figural fluency. Further analysis of data showed more significant influence of reading on score in verbal than in figural creativity, where the influence is negligible.
SK
V rámci tohoto výskumu bola pozornosť venovaná zisťovaniu rozdielov vo faktoroch verbálnej a neverbálnej tvorivosti, ktorými sú fluencia, flexibilita a elaborácia medzi čítajúcimi adolescentmi a ich rovesníkmi, ktorí sa tejto aktivite nevenujú, ako aj vplyvu čítania na verbálnu a neverbálnu tvorivosť. Výskumný súbor tvorilo 169 respondentov z druhého stupňa základných škôl, z čoho čitateľov bolo 63 (37,28 %). Chlapcov bolo 89 (52,66 %) a dievčat 80 (47,33 %). Vek respondentov sa pohyboval v rozmedzí 10 až 15 rokov (M= 13,08; SD= 0,82). Dáta boli zozbierané prostredníctvom Torranceho figurálneho testu tvorivého myslenia a upravených testov Guilforda a Torranceho určených na meranie verbálnej tvorivosti. Výsledky poukazujú na to, že medzi čítajúcimi a nečítajúcimi žiakmi sa nachádzajú signifikantné rozdiely vo faktoroch verbálnej a neverbálnej tvorivosti, pričom výnimku predstavuje len figurálna fluencia. Ďalšia analýza poukázala na to, že čítanie má významnejší vplyv na verbálnu tvorivosť v porovnaní s neverbálnou, na ktorú je vplyv minimálny.
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EN
The aim of this study was to describe motives that lead adolescents to read, or which make them refuse to read. Furthermore, it aimed to find out potential differences in motivation and reading preferences due to age group. Totally 375 respondents participated in this study from which 130 (34,66%) were readers. Reading motivation was measured by the Motivations for Reading Questionnaire (Wigfield & Guthrie, 1997). Motives that lead adolescents to read or which make them refuse to read were detected with open questions. Results show that there are no differences between younger and older adolescents in reading motivation. The most common reading motives in younger readers were: reaching new information from books, opinion, that reading is a funny and interesting activity and reading represents an opportunity to escape from the reality for a while. In the group of older adolescents were most common motives reaching new information, the way how to relax and escape from the reality. Nonreading younger adolescents refuse to read because they are not interested in reading, they consider the book boring and they do not have the will to read. Older adolescents do not read because they consider reading as a boring activity and they do not have enough time for it. The most popular genres among younger readers are the adventurous genre, fantasy, and novels for girls. Older readers prefer the adventurous genre, fantasy, and detective novels.
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