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Ilościowo-jakościowa ocena popytu na rynku hotelowym: propozycja nowego wskaźnika

100%

Dziedzic T.

Problemy Turystyki i Rekreacji

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2013

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issue 1

5-26

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano propozycję nowego wskaźnika oceny popytu na rynku hotelowym. Nowy wskaźnik ma charakter syntetyczny i oprócz elementu ilościowego (liczba udzielonych noclegów lub liczba korzystających) uwzględnia także strukturę jakościową sprzedawanej bazy hotelowej oraz stopień jej wykorzystania (aspekt efektywności). Przedstawiono dane wyjściowe charakteryzujące polski rynek usług noclegowych, przesłanki dla budowy kilkuelementowego, syntetycznego wskaźnika popytu oraz jego założenia metodologiczne. Na tej podstawie dokonano obliczeń wartości wskaźnika opierając się na danych empirycznych zbieranych przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny w latach 2000-2011. Dane opracowano w dwóch grupach: dla całej Polski oraz dla poszczególnych województw. W obu przypadkach pokazano dynamikę zmian na polskim rynku hotelowym. Posłużyło to w ostatniej części artykułu zastosowaniu wskaźnika popytu hotelowego do regionalnej analizy benchmarkowej.

EN

The article proposes a new indicator for the estimation of demand on the hotel market. This new indicator is synthetic in character and, in addition to the quantitative aspect (the number of overnight stays or number of hotel guests), it takes into account the qualitative structure of the offer of hotel beds and their occupancy rate (the effectiveness aspect). The author presents output data characterizing the tourist accommodation market in Poland, prerequisites for building a multifactor synthetic indicator of demand, and the methodological premises thereof. On these grounds indicator values are calculated from empirical data collected by the Central Statistical Office of Poland in 2000-2011. The indicator values are then compiled on two levels: national and regional (according to voivodships). In these two planes the dynamics of changes on the Polish hotel market are shown. In the last part of the article, the hotel demand indicator is used as a tool in regional benchmark analysis.

2

Akta katyńskie doktora Robla. Powstanie i losy tzw. Archiwum Robla oraz sylwetka jego twórcy

100%

Dziedzic T.

Prace Historyczne

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2012

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vol. 139

PL

Doctor Robel’s Katyn Files. The Creation and History of the So-called Robel Archive and the Silhouette of Its Founder In the first half of 1943 an exhumation of the bodies of Polish officers was carried out in Katyn. The objects found by the bodies and particularly those which could have some significance from the point of view of establishing the identity of the victims, such as all kinds of documents, were sent to Krakow. Subsequently at the request of the Polish Red Cross, a team of Polish experts under the supervision of Dr. Jan Zygmunt Robel carried out an examination of the so called Katyń legacy in the Chemical Branch of the local State Institute of Forensic Medicine and Criminology. Apart from the officially commissioned task aimed at identifying the victims, the team of experts from the Chemical Branch of the Institute also examined clandestinely the circumstances of death of the Polish offi cers. In the effect of these analyses, there arose a so called Robel Archive – a collection of documents containing a detailed description of the objects exhumed from the Katyn graves as well as copies of the documents found by the bodies, including all kinds of notes and memoirs. The investigation work carried out by the Polish experts was suddenly interrupted in the summer of 1944 when the Katyn legacy was transported by the Germans in the western direction and probably destroyed. However the Robel Archive avoided a similar plight. Although one of its copies fell into Soviet hands, Dr. Robel managed to successfully hide two other copies, in spite of his arrest and interrogation by the NKWD (Soviet Intelligence Service). After having been found in 1991, the materials constitute a valuable though so far little insufficiently researched historical source.

3

Dzieje żubra w Puszczy Białowieskiej

100%

Dziedzic T.

Prace Historyczne

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2008

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vol. 135

PL

The bison (Bison bonasus L.) has inhabited the forests of Europe for thousands of years. The above fact is best borne out by the numerous images of these animals to be found on the walls of caves – the dwelling places of the pre-historic man. Yet the development of civilization has led to a gradual extinction of the bison in individual countries, among others, due to hunting, which was willingly indulged in by the feudal elites and the catching of these animals and exporting them to the zoos and private breeding stations. Except for Poland, this species had become extinct before the end of the 18th century, whereas by the next century, it was only the Bialowieza Forest in Poland that remained its only sanctuary. Since the year 1809 an annual registration of the bison has been carried out there; at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries the number of these animals oscillated around a few hundred specimen. Yet the situation changed during World War I. Already during the German occupation of the territory of the Bialowieza Forest, a rapid drop in the number of bisons could be observed, whereas during the period of anarchy which followed shortly after the withdrawal of the Germans, in the first half of 1919, these animals became totally exterminated. Four years later, an International Association for Bison Protection was founded from the initiative of Dr. Jan Sztolcman (the then vice-director of the National Natural History Museum in Warsaw). The main goal of this organization, which grouped countries in which there existed closed bison breeding farms, was to increase the numbers of these animals; in its activity, the Society took advantage of the experiences of the “American Bison Society”, an organization whose aim was to protect the American bison. In the year 1929, the first pure blood specimens of the lowland bison were brought to the specially created bison sanctuary in the Bialowieza Forest and in the year 1937 the first bison offspring were born from these cubs. In 1952 the first young were release to the Bialowieza reserve and five years later the Bialowieza herd began to multiply in the wild. At present, thanks to the efforts of a few generations of activists involved in the protection of the bison, this species is no longer facing extinction.

4

Funkcje i użyteczność pomiarów ruchu turystycznego

100%

Dziedzic T.

Problemy Turystyki i Rekreacji

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2013

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issue 4

16-29

PL

Artykuł dotyczy metodologicznych i użytkowych aspektów stosowania pomiarów ruchu turystycznego. Autor rozważa konsekwencje szacowania wielkości zbiorów zjawisk wysoce heterogenicznych. Zbiorami takimi są liczby turystów na danym obszarze powstałe w oparciu o obowiązującą definicję turysty. Zwraca uwagę, że w efekcie takich zabiegów tworzone są zbiory o charakterze abstrakcyjnym o stosunkowo niskiej wartości poznawczej i użytkowej. Przedstawiony jest przykład trzech regionów o silnie zróżnicowanym charakterze ruchu turystycznego przy analogicznym poziomie liczby definicyjnych turystów i odmiennych konsekwencjach dla gospodarki turystycznej. Kontekst analizy dotyczy w głównej mierze działań badawczych podejmowanych na poziomie jednostek statystycznych oznaczanych jako NUTS-2 i NUTS-4. W konkluzji autor podkreśla, że wielka złożoność i niejednorodność współczesnej turystyki wymaga zróżnicowanych miar i tworzenia konstrukcji wielu zbiorów o niższym poziomie agregacji niż ogólna „liczba turystów”. Wymaga także zdystansowania się w procedurach badawczych od presji mediów i przekazu uproszczonego. Większy nacisk powinien być położony na kwestie ekonomiczne, organizacyjne i ekologiczne.

EN

The article concerns methodological and utilitarian aspects of measuring tourist traffic. The author discusses the consequences of estimating the size of sets that comprise highly heterogeneous phenomena. Such sets are figures representing the number of tourists in a given region, calculated with respect to the current definition of a ‘tourist’. He argues that such operations produce abstract sets of low cognitive and utility value. This is illustrated by an example of three regions with highly diverse tourist traffic, with a number of defined ‘tourists’ being on a similar level, and dissimilar consequences for the tourist economy. The context of the analysis concerns primarily the research activity undertaken on the level of statistical units designated as NUTS-2 and NUTS-4. In conclusion, the author stresses that the great complexity and heterogeneity of modern tourism requires diverse measurements and forming many sets with a lower aggregation level than the general ‘number of tourists’. It also requires keeping a greater distance from the pressure exerted by the media and simplistic means of communication. More emphasis should also be placed on economic, organisational and ecological issues.

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2 Prace Historyczne

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4 Dziedzic T.

2 2013

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Ilościowo-jakościowa ocena popytu na rynku hotelowym: propozycja nowego wskaźnika

Akta katyńskie doktora Robla. Powstanie i losy tzw. Archiwum Robla oraz sylwetka jego twórcy

Dzieje żubra w Puszczy Białowieskiej

Funkcje i użyteczność pomiarów ruchu turystycznego