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EN
The article examines Majer Bałaban’s views of history, formulated in his works. The focal point of the analysis is the presentation of Jewish quarters in early Modern Times in Bałaban’s monographs dealing with local history. Using as an example his monographs and articles about Kraków, Lviv and Lublin, it presents a general outline of the notion of the „ghetto”. Next to the ghetto in the physical sense, i.e., the walls erected by the non-Jewish society to isolate the Jews from their Christian environment, Bałaban insisted that it was also necessary to identify the „moral ghetto”, characterized by intellectual isolation and no participation in the advances of science. For him the „ghetto” was a phenomenon of the modern times, which was only fully overcome by the full emancipation of Galician Jews in 1868. However, the “ghetto” was at the same time a metaphysical space, in which, in a sense, time stopped to run, meaning that even after eliminating the “:physical ghetto”, the “moral ghetto” could linger on in the minds of individual people, who were reluctant to acknowledge the change.
DE
Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Rolle ethnischer Elemente in den Verleihungen des Magdeburger Rechts im mittelalterlichen Rotreußen und geht dabei besonders auf die Lokation Lembergs im Jahre 1356 ein. Am Beispiel der Beziehungen zwischen der Bürgergemeinde und der armenischen Gemeinde bis in die Mitte des 15. Jahrhunderts wird die Bedeutung ethnischer Elemente in der politischen und gesellschaftlichen Praxis der Stadt untersucht.
EN
The paper addresses the role of ethnic elements for the foundation privileges according to Magdeburg Law in late medieval Ruthenian towns, with special regard to the municipal privilege grated to L’viv in 1356. The relevance of ethnic elements for the political and social life in the town in the 14th and 15th centuries is discussed using the relations between the communities of the Burghers and the Armenians as an example.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy roli czynników etnicznych dla pozyskiwania przywilejów według prawa magdeburskiego w późnośredniowiecznych miastach ruskich, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przywileju przyznanego Lwowowi w 1356 r. Znaczenie czynników etnicznych dla życia politycznego i społecznego miasta w XIV i XV stuleciu omówiono na przykładzie relacji między społecznościami mieszczan i Ormian.
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