Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 4

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Impediti Bishops of the Vilnius Diocese in the Russian Empire Period: A Case of Bishop Adam Stanisław Krasiński

100%
Prašmantaitė A.
Folia Historica Cracoviensia
|
2020
|
vol. 26
|
issue 2
69-95
PL
W skutku rozbiorów Rzeczypospolitej diecezja wileńska razem ze żmudzkąokazała się pod bezpośrednią egidą władz Imperium Rosyjskiego. Władzom świeckim zależało na tym, żeby Kościół katolicki był rządzony na takich samych zasadach jak i Kościół prawosławny, który w Imperium Rosyjskim miał rangę Kościoła państwowego. Brak lojalności nieraz stawało się pretekstem do odsunięcia nielojalnego hierarchy od rządów diecezją. Zjawisko to stało się istną plagą w diecezji wileńskiej. Pod pretekstem braku lojalności władze świeckie przez zesłanie pozbawiły możliwości pełnienia swoich obowiązków trzech biskupów ordynariuszów diecezji wileńskiej: Adama Stanisława Krasińskiego (1863), Karola Hryniewieckiego (1885) i Eduarda von Roppa (1907). Na podstawie literatury przedmiotu i analizy źródeł została przedstawiona w artykule historia usunięcia z tronu biskupiego bpa Krasińskiego. Pretekstem do odsunięcia bpa Krasińskiego od kanonicznie zleconych rządów diecezją wileńską stała się jego postawa w czasie powstania styczniowego. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwala wnioskować, że bp Krasiński trzymał się pozycji nakreślonej wówczas przez Stolicą Apostolską wobec powstania. Wymaganiom urzędników imperialnych władz lokalnych jednak nie uległ i nie wydał okólnika do ludu potępiającego powstanie. Służalcza uległość wobec władz imperialnych była bp. Krasińskiemu obca. Za poczucie godności własnej i piastowanego urzędu pasterza diecezji Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego bp. Krasiński zapłacił zesłaniem w głąb Imperium Rosyjskiego, do Wiatki (od r. 1934 Kirow). Bp Krasiński został zwolniony z zesłania w 1883 r. Przeprowadzona analiza nie potwierdza dominującego jak dotąd w historiografii poglądu, że bp Krasiński zrzekł się urzędu biskupiego ze własnej inicjatywy. Ustalono, że idea listownego zwrócenia się bpa Krasińskiego do Ojca Świętego z prośbą o przyjęcie jego rezygnacji z rządów diecezją wileńską, powstała w ministerstwie spraw wewnętrznych Rosji w 1877 r. Rząd imperialny po mistrzowsku wykorzystał przypadek przebywającego na zesłaniu bpa Krasińskiego w czasie pertraktacji ze Stolicą Apostolską. Los biskupa wileńskiego został określony w jednym z artykułów wstępnej umowy z roku 1880 między Imperium Rosyjskim a Stolicą Apostolską. Pozbawienie bpa Krasińskiego mitry pasterza diecezji wileńskiej, jak i jego zesłanie, leżało w planach polityki rządu Imperium Rosyjskiego, prowadzonej względem Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego.
EN
Following the partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Vilnius diocese, together with the Samogitian diocese, found itself under the direct supervision of the Russian Empire. It was the intention of lay authorities that the Catholic Church should be governed according to the same principles as the Orthodox Church, which enjoyed the status of the national church in the Russian Empire. Disobedience frequently became a pretext to remove the disloyal hierarch from power over the diocese. This phenomenon became a real plague in the Vilnius diocese. Under the pretext of disloyalty, lay authorities prevented three bishops ordinary of the Vilnius diocese: Adam Stanisław Krasiński (1863), Karol Hryniewiecki (1885), Eduard von Ropp (1907) from performing their duties, exiling the hierarchs. Based on the literature of the subject and analysis of sources, the article presents the history of the removal of Bishop Krasiński from the episcopal throne. His stance during the January Uprising was a pretext to remove the bishop from the Vilnius diocese. The analysis led to the conclusion that Bishop Krasiński’s stance towards the uprising was in accordance with the statement of the Holy See. However, faced with the requirements of the Russian officials, he did not relent and refused to issue a public circular condemning the uprising. Bishop Krasiński was alien to servile obedience towards imperial authorities. The exile to Vyatka (called Kirov since 1934) in inland Russia was  he price he paid for his personal dignity and the dignity of his office of the bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese. Bishop Krasiński was released from his exile in 1883. However, the analysis does not confirm the currently prevalent view that he resigned from his office of his own initiative. It was determined that the idea of Krasiński’s letter to the Pope with the request to accept the bishop’s resignation from the office of the head of the Vilnius diocese originated in the Ministry of Internal Affairs in 1877. The Russian government adeptly used the case of the exiled bishop in their negotiations with the Holy See. The fate of the Vilnius bishop was sealed in one of the articles of a preliminary agreement from 1880 between the Russian Empire and the Holy See. Bishop Krasiński’s dismissal from the office of the head of the Vilnius diocese and his exile was in line with the policy of the Russian government towards the Roman Catholic Church.
2
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Szkoły średnie w 1803 roku na obszarach Wileńskiego Okręgu Szkolnego zlecone do inspekcji Franciszkowi Ksaweremu Michałowi Bohuszowi (1746–1820)

100%
Prašmantaitė A.
Przegląd Historyczno-Oświatowy
|
2021
|
vol. LXIV
|
issue 3-4
7-29
EN
Aim: The aim of the article is to reconstruct the image of secondary education in the area of the Vilnius School District in 1803 designated for inspection by Franciszek Ksawery Michal Bohusz as the general visitor. Methods: The author relies on archival sources and takes account of the literature on the subject to date. She uses the traditional historical and statistical method. Results: The author analyzes the situation of secondary education in three Gubernias – that of Grodno, Minsk and Vilnius – out of eight ones belonging to the Vilnius School District in 1803. Primarly, she uses the report on the general visitation written by Bohusz for the Imperial University of Vilnius. During his visit in 1803, Bohusz visited 31 out of 33 secondary schools functioning in the Grodno, Minsk and Vilnius Gubernias. The researcher drew up a list of schools and systematized the statistical data in a table taking the number of classes and the number of students and teachers into consideration. Conclusions: The analysis of education in the area of the three Gubernias (Grodno, Minsk, Vilnius) in 1803, the territory of the Vilnius School District, confirms the thesis about persistence of the tradition of the National Education Commission – the thesis already present in the historiography. Despite several years of break and fundamental changes in the administration, the network of secondary schools subordinate to Vilnius University in the period of Commission of National Education was not destroyed. In 1803, at the time of their incorporation in the educational system of the Russian Empire, there were 33 secondary schools in the Grodno, Minsk and Vilnius Gubernias. Their structure, however, was varied, and this lack of uniformity is reflected, among others, in the number of classes. Schools with four classes dominated there. Most of them were in the Minsk Gubernia, where, after Commission of National Education ceased its activity, the authority over the schools was transferred to the Chamber of Social Welfare. The density of the secondary school network was not the same either, and the largest number was found in the Vilnius Gubernia. Her study of the information provided by Bohusz as the general visitor and of other sources from the era allowed the author of the article to conclude that the statistical data used in the literature on the subject (concerning both the number of students and teachers in individual secondary schools) are far from credible, and to a much greater extent than previously thought.
3
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Uniwersytet Wileński wobec beneficjów kościelnych. Marcin Poczobut-Odlanicki SJ (1728–1810) na urzędzie proboszcza oniksztyńskiego

100%
Prašmantaitė A.
Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty
|
2020
|
vol. 57
151-173
EN
The author presents the problems faced by Vilnius University when, as a result of a reform carried out in the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 19th century, it received 10 benefices from the Roman Catholic Diocese of Vilnius. The article is based on a case study of Marcin Poczobut-Odlanicki, a professor at Vilnius University and the parish priest of Anykščiai. On the basis of the sources and the findings of historians to date, the author puts forward the contention that the problems that Poczobut had to deal with as the administrator of church benefices contributed to making the university aware of the legal, organisational and financial issues related to their possession as well as influenced the modification of the originally adopted model of managing them carried out by the university.
4
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Uniwersytet Wileński i wizytacja generalna szkół jemu podległych w 1803 roku

100%
Prašmantaitė A.
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
|
2021
|
vol. 45
7-29
EN
The article shows the course of the general visitation of schools of the Vilnius School District [WOS] in 1803. It was the first year when Vilnius Visegrána University, transformed into the Imperial University of Vilnius as a tertiary education institution, took over the helm and control of lower-level schools in the designated territorial area, namely the school district. In the legal acts of the Russian Empire, regulating the activities of the reformed Vilnius University, the sanctioned principle of the continuation of the Commission of National Education tradition was manifested in practice during the visitation of the WOS schools in 1803. The article presents the origin of general visitations in the history of the University and the instructions addressed to the visitators. Literature on the subject and the sources made it possible to show the visitators and to present their collective portrait.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.