Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 6

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

DOPUSZCZALNOŚĆ POWÓDZTWA O STWIERDZENIE NIEWAŻNOŚCI W OPARCIU O SPRZECZNOŚĆ UCHWAŁY Z NORMĄ DYSPOZYTYWNĄ

100%
Ochmann P.
Zeszyty Prawnicze
|
2017
|
vol. 17
|
issue 1
63-91
EN
Summary In 2011 a heated debate flared up on a controversial issue in the doctrine of Polish commercial law: which of the two kinds of proceedings prescribed by the Polish Commercial Companies Code (k.s.h.) was applicable for action to have a company’s resolution declared invalid on grounds of its incompatibility with a non-mandatory provision? It was triggered when Michał Romanowski put a provocative question in the specialist commercial law periodical Przegląd Prawa Handlowego – was a resolution a company’s shareholders adopted which was incompatible with a non-mandatory provision in breach of the law? Romanowski’s article evoked a large amount of criticism. This paper consists of two parts. The first part is descriptive and gives an account of the debate in 2011-2012 and the opinions of its main contributors. In the second part I examine the arguments put forward and present my own opinion on the matter.
PL
Streszczenie W 2011 r. w doktrynie prawa handlowego rozgorzała żywiołowa dyskusja w przedmiocie tego, jakie powództwo z dwóch rodzajów środków zaskarżenia przewidzianych w k.s.h. powinno służyć zakwestionowaniu uchwały sprzecznej z normą dyspozytywną. Zapoczątkowana ona została postawieniem przez Michała Romanowskiego na łamach «Przeglądu Prawa Handlowego» prowokacyjnego pytania, czy uchwała organu właścicielskiego spółki sprzeczna z normą dyspozytywną jest sprzeczna z prawem. Artykuł ten spotkał się z licznymi głosami krytycznymi w doktrynie. Niniejszy artykuł składa się z dwóch części. W pierwszej, „sprawozdawczej” czy też „deskryptywnej” przedstawiony zostaje przebieg zaistniałej w latach 2011-2012 dyskusji i najważniejsze wypowiedzi jej uczestników. W drugiej natomiast podniesione w dyskusji argumenty poddane zostają analizie, prowadząc do zajęcia przez autora własnego stanowisko w przedmiotowej materii.
2
Content available remote

Wybrane regulacje Kodeksu spółek handlowych w świetle konstytucyjnego modelu ochrony własności

100%
Ochmann P.
Studia Prawa Publicznego
|
2019
|
issue 2(26)
115-136
EN
The article confronts specific solutions adopted in the Code of Commercial Compa-nies and Partnerships with the patterns of the constitutional control of law resulting from the Constitution of the Republic of Poland in the form of the right of ownership. Its aim is to answer the question whether the constitutionality of commercial law institutions should be assessed autonomously, taking into account the specificity of commercial companies law. The author puts forward a thesis that just as there is a principle of autonomy of commercial law within the principle of unity of civil law, within the framework of constitutional law, the regulations of law and commerce also have autonomy which influences the process of assessing the conformity of particular subjects of control with the models defined in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. As one of the specific elements of commercial law in relationto the Constitution, the necessity of weighing the opposing interests of the same good, i.e. the right to ownership is pointed out. The paper discusses in detail the institution of forced buyout (squeeze-out) in the context of the judgment of the Con-stitutional Tribunal (Case No. P 25/02). The issue of legitimacy to appeal against the resolution of the General Shareholders Meeting of a company from the point of view of the right of ownership is also discussed. In the author’s opinion, the right to appeal against the resolution, which prima facie at the constitutional law level could be associated with the constitutional right to a court, takes the form of a corporate right of a shareholder resulting from a constitutional right of ownership, of which a share is one of the forms. Therefore, it has a derivative character. The considerations contained in the text lead to the recognition of the admissibility of an autonomous interpretation of company law regulations when assessing their compliance with the Constitution. When assessing constitutionality, the legal char-acter and specificity of the subject of control should be taken into account.
3
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

CZY KAŻDY BILET ZAWSZE MUSI BYĆ ZNAKIEM LEGITYMACYJNYM, CZYLI ROZWAŻANIA O ZASADZIE ‘NUMERUS CLAUSUS’ PAPIERÓW WARTOŚCIOWYCH W POLSKIM PORZĄDKU PRAWNYM

100%
Ochmann P.
Zeszyty Prawnicze
|
2016
|
vol. 16
|
issue 1
135-169
PL
The ‘Numerus Clausus’ Principle for Securitiesin the Polish Legal SystemSummaryMost specialists on the doctrine of Polish private law hold that thereis a numerus clausus principle for securities in Polish law, although it hasnot been specifically put into words in any act of legislation. According tothe principle only those types of securities may be issued which are regulated by a statute. This means a prohibition on the issue of securities thathave not been legally recognised. There are only a few opinions that saythere is no numerus clausus on securities in Polish legal doctrine. Thisquestion has been the subject of a heated debate, which has attenuatedover the last years. However, many issues have neither been scrutinised  nor even noticed. There are still several points worthy of consideration.The author’s aim in this paper is to review the arguments for and againstnumerus clausus; some of them have never been examined before. Hisanalysis leads him to conclude that there is a numerus apertus (i.e. norestrictions) on some securities, such as bonds, while others such asshares, which endow their holder with special rights, are subject to legalrestrictions. The article is an offshoot of research for a dissertation onprivate law conducted on an individual research programme supervisedby Dr. M. Spyra at Collegium Invisibile in the 2013/2014 academic year.
4
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

ROZWAŻANIA NA TEMAT CHARAKTERU PRAWNEGO UCHWAŁY SPóŁKI KAPITAŁOWEJ

100%
Ochmann P.
Zeszyty Prawnicze
|
2018
|
vol. 18
|
issue 4
109-152
EN
Resolutions adopted by limited companies are a fundamental issue in the law on commercial companies. Company resolutions are a good subject for academic study, for reasons such as their importance in the operations of a company regarded as a legal mechanism, and innumerable observations have been made on the doctrine on the legal nature of company resolutions and related issues, yet this does not mean that the subject has been exhausted and all the problems resolved. This article is another attempt to explicate the legal nature of company resolutions. It proposes a new insight into the subject, taking the extant doctrine as its point of departure for the formulation of the author’s own reflections. In the frst part of the article he presents the opinions which have emerged in the discussion, and then goes on to assess these opinions and present his own views on company resolutions.
PL
Uchwały spółek kapitałowych należą do rudymentarnych zagadnień prawa spółek handlowych. Ze względu na ich znaczenie dla funkcjonowania mechanizmu prawnego, jakim jest spółka kapitałowa, stanowią one wdzięczny temat dla rozpraw naukowych. Wyrazem tego jest bardzo obfita ilość wypowiedzi doktryny na temat charakteru prawnego uchwał i problemów z tym związanych. Nie oznacza to bynajmniej, że temat ten został wyczerpany, a wszelkie pojawiające się kwestie rozstrzygnięte. Dlatego niniejszy artykuł także podejmuje próby wyjaśnienia charakteru prawnego uchwały spółki kapitałowej, proponując nowe spojrzenie na tę materię. Wypracowany dorobek doktryny posłużył za punkt wyjścia do dalszych, własnych refleksji, w związku z czym w pierwszej części artykułu przedstawione zostaną poglądy wynikłe wskutek prowadzonego dotychczas dyskursu. Następnie przeprowadzona zostanie ich ocena, aby w dalszej części móc sformułować własne stanowisko na temat natury uchwały spółki kapitałowej.
5
Content available remote

Prawne implikacje wybranych elementów terminu „wojna hybrydowa”

100%
Ochmann P.
Studia Prawa Publicznego
|
2019
|
issue 4(28)
125-147
EN
The term ‘hybrid war’ is not a legal term. It belongs to the terminology and concepts used in the studies on international relationships. Due to its popularization in mass media it has recently started to be used in new contexts. The purpose of the article is to ascertain the precise meaning of the term, and to determine the legal implica­tions which a particular understanding of it may have in international public law. Certain understandings or interpretations of a given term determine its legal consequences and allow the assessment of their implications from the point of view of international law. Therefore in the first part of the article, a review and an examination of different ways of understanding the term ‘hybrid war’ have been conducted. Although the definitions that had been analyzed are noteworthy and they emphasize some aspects of the ‘hybrid war,’ they lack a definition of the term that would take into consideration all the dimensions of the issue of a hybrid war. Thus the attempt taken by the author to propose his own definition, aggregating all observations and insights made by the international relations experts so far, and enumerating the distinctive characteristics of hybrid wars. After that, some typical el­ements of a hybrid war are analyzed from the point of view of international public law. The paper investigates the possibility of qualifying hybrid methods as the ‘use of force,’ an ‘aggression’ and an ‘armed attack’ within the meaning of the United Nations Charter. It also examines the admissibility of a counter-attack within the framework of the right to self- defence. The issue raises many doubts particularly with regard to activities from below the threshold of war that are distinctive char­acteristics of a hybrid war. The legal implications of the use of a non-state actor to conduct an armed activity under international law were also raised, being referred to as proxy war.
6
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Wojna hybrydowa jako przykład umiędzynarodowionego konfliktu wewnętrznego

63%
Ochmann P., Wojas J.
Studia Prawa Publicznego
|
2018
|
issue 2 (22)
101-121
EN
The paper deals with internal conflicts, their internationalisation and a hybrid war. In the 1990s many military conflicts could have been regarded as domestic conflicts or internationalised internal conflicts. According to the authors internationalised internal conflicts and a hybrid war have much in common. The purpose of the paper is to compare and confront distinctive characteristics of internationalised internal conflicts with the model of hybrid war. The authors scrutinize definitions of an internal, domestic conflict and a hybrid war, and the possibilities and likelihood of their occurrence. Finally the issue is analysed in terms of international public law. ‘Hybrid war’ is a term not defined in public international law. However it is commonly used not only by media and politicians, but also by academics in a sci- entific discourse. A question arises to what extent it is justified to use a term in the context of different military conflicts, like for instance the one in the East Ukraine that has been going on since 2015. Therefore it is necessary to explain what the term ‘hybrid war’ means. In order to do so, it is necessary to try to define the term. Its distinctive characteristics must be indicated. Then, many military conflicts will be analysed to determine whether they satisfy the requirements for qualifying them as a ‘hybrid war’ or an internationalised internal conflict. The research leads to a conclusion that an internationalised internal conflict gives many opportunities for applying to it methods characteristic of a hybrid war. In the course of an internationalised internal conflict there are many ways in which the aggressor can evade international liability and the authors attempt to answer how to prevent this.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.