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SHARE OF LEXICON OF THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN ZONES OF THE BELARUS FOLK SPEECH. REGIONAL LEXICON OF THE GRODNO REGION IN THE FOLK-SPEECH OF THE SLOWOGRÓD REGION

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Yashkin I. Y.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

2004

vol. 28

63-95

In the regional lexicon of the Central and Eastern zone of the Belarus folk speech - in the Western part of the Grodno region and in the Eastern part of Mohylow area, there are some active lexems that cannot be found in the literary Belarus language. The author presents the selection of such lexems in the comparative approach. The comparison is performed basing upon the dictionary 'Skarby narodnai mowy' (Treasures of National Language) puiblished in 1993 and on the folk speech of the Sozh River valley in the Mohylow region. In the literary Belarus language the words and expressions in question are either absent or, in the course of time, were replaced by clichés from the neighbouring literary languages, or are reproduced descriptively. The author investigates the reasons of the phenomenon and presents conclusions.The respective common regionalisms in the Grodno and Mohylow regions (more than 1200 of the analyzed 5250 cases) represent the remnants of the past affiliations of the both areas to the Duchy of Vilnius. From the point of view of the area dialectology, both dialects situate themselves within the central sphere of the centre of the Belarus dialects. In the Eastern Belarus, the central sphere was influenced by the Eastern sphere of the Belarus dialects. That was reflected in the abundance of synonyms of the Sozh River valley region.An important reason of retaining of the common part of the lexicon is also the parallel civilizational development and similar archaic character of both cultures. Hence the appearance of a number of common ethnographisms. In the future, the comparative study of the Grodno and Slawogród dialects as contrasted with the dialects present in the Mscislawowo should help set the borderline between the Central and Easter sphere of the Belarus dialects. Finding of the common lexems in the area will not lead to differentiation of new dialect units similar to those of the Grodno are and of the Brzesko Land. Those areas already show the general Belarus lexicon , though not without their own peculiarities in the phonetics and, to some extent, the morphology. The lexical mapping of the Belarus dialects provides common lexems for the central dialects also (like the 'dabrak' (boletus mushroom), 'morda' (jaws), 'khlopets' (he, masculine gender). There are some regionalisms as well: 'nagly' (tall), 'glupost' (late time or thick bush), 'nichogi (not good, bad), 'kulesh' (a soup made of the millet cereal) in the Polesie region; 'radimits' (a devil), 'malets (a boy), 'tsarka' (a cup or a glass) in the Vitebsk region; 'dabrak' ( boletus mushroom) in the area of Homel etc.

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1 Acta Baltico-Slavica

1 Yashkin I. Y.

1 2004

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SHARE OF LEXICON OF THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN ZONES OF THE BELARUS FOLK SPEECH. REGIONAL LEXICON OF THE GRODNO REGION IN THE FOLK-SPEECH OF THE SLOWOGRÓD REGION