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OD TOPOLÓGIÍ K TYPOLÓGIÁM A SPÄŤ: K PROBLEMATIKE ŠTRUKTÚROVANIA KORELÁCIÍ LITERATÚRY, VEDY A POZNANIA

100%
Mikuláš R.
World Literature Studies
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2022
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vol. 14
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issue 4
14 – 31
EN
The complex correlations between literature and science are currently being explored in a number of disciplines and from a variety of perspectives. In German-speaking countries, systematic research in this direction has intensified since the mid-1990s. Based on the certain opacity of existing models and approaches in this complex, we find it meaningful to show how the different research directions have been differentiated so far and how they are interconnected, furthermore which categories and concepts make up competing tensions and what these tensions mean, to what extent we can really speak of competing approaches or only of possible inconsistencies in the use of terminology. However, the main intention of this paper is to correlate the basic theoretical approaches within which the interdependencies between literature and science can be modelled and to attempt a kind of syntopia, albeit in a necessarily selective form. However, the aim of this paper is not to evaluate the approaches discussed or to offer explicit recommendations. Nor will the subject of any evaluation be the already existing more or less elaborated and generalized typologizations or systematizations, to which we will refer, however, for logical reasons.
2
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ZUR POIETISCHEN FUNKTION VON ANALOGIEN UND METAPHERN IM INTERDISKURSIVEN BLICKPUNKT DER TRANSPLANTATIONSMEDIZIN

100%
Mikuláš R.
World Literature Studies
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2021
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vol. 13
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issue 4
117 - 130
EN
The subject of the analysis is the novel Leben (Life, 2013) by the German author David Wagner. In fact, although designed as a novel, the book is more precisely an autopathography, which presents a personal and authentically reflective look at the experience of one’s own illness and describes the medical intervention, the surgical transplantation of a new liver. The medical specialist discourse plays an essential role in this context. Medical knowledge and personal reflections overlap like those areas of meaning from which analogies often emerge and in which metaphors have their origin. In the following, it is a matter of uncovering those areas that are combined to create analogies in order to describe their communicative function on the basis of their possible implementation in the form of metaphors (also known as between-domain analogies). Particular consideration is given to the role of the medical specialist discourse and the question of how it shapes the analogisation and metaphorization of one’s own experience of illness and the experience of organ transplantation. In doing so, we rely largely on the analytical model based on the theory of figurative language by Hans Georg Coenen.
3
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ZUR METAPHORISCH-DISKURSIVEN WIRKLICHKEIT IN JOSEF HASLINGERS ROMAN „OPERNBALL“

63%
Mikulášová A., Mikuláš R.
World Literature Studies
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2020
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vol. 12
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issue 2
26 – 39
EN
Among linguistic devices, metaphors influence our thinking and acting in a crucial way. They determine what we see and what we hide from our perception area. We primarily perceive and communicate what we have schemes for (concepts and models), but there is a wide range of perceptions that can only be adequately communicated through metaphors. On the basis of crime novels, we deal with these certain areas, which are occupied by comparison and analogies of all kinds, focusing on contents and aspects that are increasingly taken into account in this genre. We investigate the question of how key aspects of crime fiction, i.e. aspects that are associated with phenomena of crime, as well as aspects of social criticism are metaphorically conceptualised in the crime novel. Metaphors related to the phenomena of crime are also taken into account. “Opernball” is a media-critical political thriller with a multi-perspective narrative structure and a socio-critical crime novel by Austrian novelist Josef Haslinger, which draws a socio-political Picture of Austria from the mid-1990s. Based on the analysis of the metaphor in Haslingerś novel, we have located, interpreted and evaluated numerous metaphors in the following major areas: media, culture politics church/religion, individual and community/society.
4
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WIRKLICHKEITSKONSTRUKTION DURCH METAPHERN BEI INGEBORG BACHMANN

63%
Mikulášová A., Mikuláš R.
World Literature Studies
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2018
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vol. 10
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issue 3
47 – 67
EN
In the self-description (in letters or in dream notes, and in the novel Malina and two novel fragments from the project “Todesarten”) it is observed how those elements of reality that literally embody or specifically indicate a problem are metaphorically conceptualized – in this case, the traumatic experience from relationships (Bachmann explicitly speaks of insults) and Bachmann’s resulting psychic injury. Accordingly, the development of metaphors in the self-descriptions or self-portrayals of the author and her female protagonists is also examined. The development of the metaphors in the projection and introspection of letters and dream notes and in the selected texts of the project “Todesarten” indicates a system of states of one’s own that have an effect on the cognitive system, or to which the author is repeatedly thrown back (according to Georg Groddeck). In this sense, a self-therapeutic effect cannot be denied. Subsequently, a metaphorical structure should be recognizable, which lay in the shape of a network over the texts to be examined.
5
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VON DER AUFLÖSUNG DER PERSON: DAS SELTSAME PROBLEM DER PERSONALEN IDENTITÄT IN NEUEREN DEUTSCHSPRACHIGEN AUTOPATHOGRAPHIEN

63%
Mikuláš R., Mikulášová A.
World Literature Studies
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2023
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vol. 15
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issue 4
33 – 49
EN
Texts from the field of autopathography are close to the professional discourse of the medical sciences and offer alternative ways of conceptualizing and thinking about illness. The recent autopathographic works that are analysed in this article describe illnesses that are no longer evaluated as consequences of social developments, as was usually the case in the “new interiority”; rather, pathologies are interpreted as part of an individual life. Since the associated experiences and the consequences of the disease are serious for the individual life, the question of personal identity is often raised. The question of self is always relevant when people who express this question do not know or no longer know who they are (or have become), or when they no longer have a sense of unity. This concerns not only external orders (i.e. uprooting of any kind), but also internal disruption. These insecurities are thus the trigger for questions about identity that are posed in the analysed texts.
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