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EN
Soft power plays an increasingly important role in international relations at a time of growing interdependence and globalisation. Also India, quietly but consistently, has over the past two decades developed new instruments and built up capacities for projecting its “power of attraction.” The article presents the place of soft power in India’s foreign policy and examines the strengths and challenges of the new approach. Contrary to some concerns about a more hard power-oriented posture of the new BJP government, the author argues that it will rather reinforce the country’s soft power. In combination with growing hard power potential, this can make India a major global smart power in the 21st century.
EN
Although the deal between the European Union and Turkey on return of migrants and sealing internal borders in the Balkans did help to slow down the inflow of people to the EU in 2016, the refugee crisis is far from over. While many institutions and politicians suggest new solutions, it is important to better understand true sources of migration. This analysis examines the main pull and push factors and the European context, to establish whether proposed solutions to the problem can bear fruit. It concludes that, instead of looking for solutions outside Europe, the EU and its Member States must reform asylum policy and support frontier states. Although the European Commission proposal does point in this direction, it may be still hard to implement without certain revisions.
EN
While reforming its export promotion system and increasing support to companies entering new and distant markets, the Polish government can draw on the best practices of other countries. This article examines Germany’s assistance to its business in India to suggest some recommendations for Poland. The comprehensive German system embraces a strong diplomatic and institutional presence in India and vibrant economic diplomacy with sound financial instruments. In order to be competitive, Poland should radically enhance its financial allocation, political support and human resources for cooperation with countries like India. It cannot rely exclusively on economic diplomacy instruments, hence some practical solutions are suggested.
EN
Three developments in 2016 led to the EU losing a lot of its soft power, constraining its ability to exert influence on third countries. An evolution in its response to the refugee crisis, rising Euroscepticism and populism in Europe, and the Brexit referendum have all undermined the European project and image of the EU as a political model and global norm-setter. Though the EU still retains much strength, it must rethink how it uses its power, acknowledge the limitations, focus on rebuilding its credibility, and pursue more a pragmatic and modest foreign policy.
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