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1

FRÜHBRONZEZEITLICHE BEFESTIGUNGEN IM OBEREN ŽITAVATAL: PROZESSE VON SYNOIKISMOS UND DIOIKISMOS

100%
Muller-Scheeßel N., Gerbecks P., Rassmann K.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2020
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vol. 68
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issue suppl 1
417 – 428
EN
During recent research in the Upper Žitava valley, previously unknown Early Bronze Age fortifications were discovered near Hul and Vlkas. They probably represented the seat of relatively small social groups. In the Žitava valley only the site Vráble-Fidvár grew beyond this early stage into a large settlement of an area of up to 12 ha. In the course of a process of synoicism, the other sites were abandoned voluntarily or involuntarily, and the social groups there probably moved to Vráble. We may assume that this has also led to social division and hierarchisation, with the newcomers being dominated by the small group that had initially occupied Vráble. At the end of the Early Bronze Age in the course of a kind of dioicism, the large settlement of Vráble was abandoned. Afterwards, small settlements again dominated the settlement pattern.
2

VRÁBLE-FIDVÁR – CENTRÁLNE SÍDLISKO EURÓPSKEHO VÝZNAMU. OSÍDLENIE ZO STARŠEJ DOBY BRONZOVEJ

100%
Bátora J., Tóth P., Rassmann K., Müller-Scheeßel N.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2017
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vol. 21
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issue suppl.
19 - 33
EN
The archaeological site Vráble-Fidvár belongs to one of the most well-known sites in Slovakia. Current field activities have been realized since 2007 within the framework of the joint Slovak-German project the aim of which has been to explore the origin, development and the fall of the fortified settlement from the viewpoint of a broad spectrum of research disciplines. A geo-magnetic survey detected several components from Prehistory and Proto-history. Field-walking survey and excavation were carried out in different areas within the large settlement complex from the Early Bronze Age. They showed that the houses in the central part of the settlement (acropolis) differed from others in their architecture and building materials. Eastward and southward from the fortification, there are dozens of storage pits which may the evidence of different reserve management. The burial ground was located approximately 300 m south of the fortified area. Up till now there have been excavated 37 graves dated to the Únětice Culture; an absolute majority of them were secondarily opened. An important aspect of the formation of the Early Bronze Age settlement was a suitable geographical location and proximity to sources of the non-ferrous metal ores.
3

TRACING TAPHONOMIC PROCESSES. MULTIPLE LAYER ANALYSIS OF CERAMIC DISTRIBUTION FROM SURFACE COLLECTION AND EXCAVATION AT THE EARLY BRONZE AGE SETTLEMENT OF VRÁBLE-FIDVAR

64%
Rassmann K., Bátora J., Muller-Scheessel N., Reiter S., Ivanova M., Behrens A., Radloff K., Bača M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2018
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vol. 66
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issue 2
219 – 234
EN
Surface find distribution analysis is a standard tool within the archaeological prospection arsenal. Nevertheless, the results are often met with a certain degree of scepticism and disapproval. The most common objection revolves around the idea that recent agricultural impact causes too much ‘noise’. The Early Bronze Age (EBA) settlement of Vráble has been subjugated to intensive agricultural use over the past decades meaning that thousands of archaeological finds are scattered over the surface of the site. The richness of these finds and the availability of multi-layered information offer exceptional preconditions with which to evaluate the potential of surface distributions. In order to investigate the possibilities and limitations of these phenomena, we focussed on making a detailed analysis of the spatial pattern of ceramic finds within different scales and layers. The excavation data from the two key areas were used to analyse the correlation of archaeological features with the occurrence of sherds in different layers in order to understand and reconstruct the taphonomic processes involved. Our starting point took the form of a large-scale surface collection which covered the settlement and delivered detailed information regarding its internal structure. Subsequent steps analysed higher resolution data from collections in a 2 x 2 m grid as well as from topsoil sampling from 1 x 1 m squares. This data was juxtaposed with that from excavations which took place in the very same area at a later date. What was crucial here was the question of the transformation of the upper settlement layer to the recent arable topsoil and the traceability of EBA houses, paths or pits in terms of sherd distribution. The sum of these results has enabled us to evaluate both the possibilities and limitations of the spatial analysis of ceramic finds. Specifically, this example illustrates the potential of revealing more general structures in a given settlement through analysis of ceramic distributions.
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