The paper overviews the praxiology positions among sciences (studies), namely as a: science of functions (Bourdeau), the most general science on techniques of human action (Espinas), general practice, theory of deeds, general methodology, theory of efficient action (Kotarbinski), foundation of economics (Mises), philosophy of action (Bunge), one of the ergological sciences (Zieleniewski). Next, aspects and methods of praxiological research are characterized. Finally, a conclusion is offered that praxiology is situated between logic and ethics, for it gives epistemological foundations to the concept of reflective practitioner (Schön) pointing out the axiological context of human action.
The quintessence of Salomea Kowalewska's sociology of science is presented in this paper. She formulated it in articles published in the 'Science Studies Problems' in the period of 1980-2000. The forever topical questions of the sociology express her postulate to do research on: population of scientists as a community sharing the same values and norms, organisational initiatives related to transformation the community into learned organisation, and methods of building co-operation with foreign partners
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