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Paraguayská krajanská čeština, jazyková atrofie a emergentní gramatika

100%
Zajícová L.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2021
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vol. 104
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issue 5
338-358
EN
The article aims to present the language of the Czech immigrant community in Paraguay, especially with regard to the issue of language attrition. It first presents the origin, development and current state of the Czech community in Paraguay, then the circumstances of research into their language, and then the basic characteristics of the language of the community and the causes of its variation. The variation is illustrated by the example of two investigated phenomena: innovations in the reflexive possessive pronoun and in nominal morphology. The article attempts to point out the irreplaceable role of communication for the emergence of regularity in changes, and the fact that the processes in attriting languages tend to speak in favor of the concept of emergent grammar. Rather than a conclusion, however, this is a suggestion of a possible perspective in the research on attriting languages, as the limited scope of the article does not allow the necessary comparison to be made with data from other situations of language attrition.
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Argentinská španělština: mezi indiánskými jazyky a italštinou

100%
Zajícová L.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2004
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vol. 65
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issue 3
202-218
EN
The article opens with a brief overview of past and present research activities in the field of Argentine Spanish, and of the most important publications in recent years. Then it summarizes the most important characteristics of Argentine Spanish in its phonetic, morphosyntactic and lexical levels. Based on a comparison of several important peculiarities, like the pronunciation of the /y-/ at the beginning of a syllable, the /-s/ at the end of a syllable and the phenomenon voseo, which affects pronouns and verb morphology, the article points out the main differences between the regional varieties of Argentine Spanish. Finally, the article gives a brief description of Argentine dialect zones, pointing out the historical, social and linguistic causes of the variation of Argentine Spanish.
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