The article presents the causes of the mythical Trojan War. In the original Homeric account, commonly known in the laterform of the written version of the Iliad, the author states that the outbreak of the war was brought about by the kidnapping of Helen, the wife of the King of Sparta, by the Trojan prince Paris. According to later Greek sources, the causes of the conflict were a series of kidnappings of women and a related violation of the divine principle of hospitality, xenia. Today, the ancient concepts are being abandoned in favor of an explanation of an economic nature, establishing Troy at the center of the Anatolian trade routes. This hypothesis, formulated by archaeologists working at Troy, places it in the role of a center of trade between the Black and Aegean Seas as well as Anatolia and the Mediterranean area. The above-mentioned assumptions caused a lot of controversy, which resulted in a discussion in the scientific community. The aim of the article is to analyze the economic aspects of the Trojan War that resulted from this dispute, in the form of the presentation of the Anatolian Bronze Age trade routes.
PL
Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie potencjalnych przyczyn mitycznej wojny trojańskiej. W pierwotnym przekazie homeryckim, znanym powszechnie pod postacią późniejszego zapisu w postaci Iliady, autor, czy też grupa autorów, podaje, jakoby do wybuchu wojny doprowadzić miało porwanie Heleny, małżonki króla Sparty, przez trojańskiego księcia Parysa. Według późniejszych źródeł greckich zarzewia konfliktu należy doszukiwać się w serii porwań kobiet i związanym z tym pogwałceniem boskiej zasady gościnności, xenii. Współcześnie odchodzi się od koncepcji starożytnych na rzecz wyjaśnienia o charakterze gospodarczym, ustanawiającym Troję w centrum anatolijskich szlaków handlowych doby epoki brązu. Hipoteza sformułowana przez archeologów pracujących w Troi umieszcza ją w roli centrum wymiany handlowej między Morzem Czarnym a Egejskim oraz Anatolią i Śródziemnomorzem. Powyższe założenia wywołały liczne kontrowersje, które zaowocowały wciąż żywą dyskusją w środowisku naukowym. Celem artykułu jest wynikająca z tej dysputy analiza gospodarczych aspektów wojny trojańskiej w postaci roli anatolijskich szlaków handlowych epoki brązu.
In this article, the authors confront the thesis found in historical discourse about the dominance of male figures in historical narratives present in the public sphere. In order to do so, they analyse the new research field that is the social networking site YouTube and the most popular channels on historical topics contained therein. The main research question is whether women are marginalised in the narratives contained in the sources discussed, in which contexts they appear and what is the reception of the films in which they appear. In addition, the authors look at the question of the form of historical narratives. The study combines quantitative methods (descriptive statistics, correspondence analysis) as well as qualitative methods (Northrop Frye’s typology of story motifs. For this purpose, 551 films were analysed, which were then annotated using seven groups of tags corresponding to the content of the sources ‑ concerning the functioning of female characters and the subject matter of the films. As a result of the analyses carried out, it was observed that the thesis of the absolute dominance of male characters in historical narratives does not fully hold true under the conditions of Web 2.0 sources in terms of quantity, while in terms of content it cannot be accepted unreservedly in the context of the very diverse use of female themes in social media resources.
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