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The role of map legends in the process of map use. Conclusions from an exploratory study

100%
Gołębiowska I.
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
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2010
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vol. 14
341-348
EN
Map and geospatial information is an essential tool in many fields of human activities. Although cartographers were extensively involved in cognitive map design research during the second part of the 20th century, the map use process as well as the significance of individual map design elements have not been studied in sufficient depth. The article discusses the results of a controlled experiment. The exploratory study aimed to simulate the execution of some problem-solving tasks based on the information derived from thematic maps with differently designed legends, viz.: list-legend, grouping-legend and natural-legend. On the basis of think-aloud protocols, it has been confirmed that some differences in map reading depend on the legend used.
2
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Multivariate mapping for experienced users: comparing extrinsic and intrinsic maps with univariate maps

63%
Korycka-Skorupa J., Gołębiowska I.
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
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2021
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vol. 25
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issue 4
259-271
EN
Multivariate mapping is a technique in which multivariate data are encoded into a single map. A variety of design solutions for multivariate mapping refers to the number of phenomena mapped, the map type, and the visual variables applied. Unlike other authors who have mainly evaluated bivariate maps, in our empirical study we compared three solutions when mapping four variables: two types of multivariate maps (intrinsic and extrinsic) and a simple univariate alternative (serving as a baseline). We analysed usability performance metrics (answer time, answer accuracy, subjective rating of task dificulty) and eye-tracking data. The results suggested that experts used all the tested maps with similar results for answer time and accuracy, even when using four-variable intrinsic maps, which is considered to be a challenging solution. However, eye-tracking data provided more nuances in relation to the diference in cognitive efort evoked by the tested maps across task types.
3
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Local GIS: development and assessment of the geoportal for local governments and local communities. Case study of a small town in Poland

51%
Medolińska K., Gołębiowska I., Karsznia I.
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
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2017
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vol. 21
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issue 4
160-167
EN
Of the numerous applications of GIS, administration and public services count among the main fields of application. They are both the users and the owners of the largest amount of spatial data. Portals for higher authorities have been the subject of extensive discussions, but the development and possible use of GIS systems in the form of geoportals at local levels still seems to have been insufficiently discussed. This article presents the process of designing and developing a portal for the lowest authorities - local authorities and the local community. A small town in Poland, Sokółka, was assumed as the study area. The concept development was preceded by, among others: recognition of the needs of an administrative unit in conducting spatial policy; establishment of the objectives, functionalities and assumptions of the designed GIS; a SWOT analysis of the designed geoportal; and an analysis of data resources. Pilot implementation was completed with an evaluation of the geoportal encompassing various groups of potential users.
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