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Austrian-born Fanny Dittner (1868–1931) spent over 30 years in Lviv. From 1902 she owned a private six-year secondary school for girls with German as the language of instruction. In the school, originally meant for the daughters of Austrian officers, among the students were also quite a lot of Jewish girls. Due to a relatively low level of teaching and poor working conditions the school had a problem obtaining the status of a public school. Yet Fanny Dittner achieved a “renown” mostly as a central figure in a well-known trial. During the First World War, following the withdrawal of the Russians from Lviv, she denounced several dozen people to the Austrian authorities, as allegedly collaborating with the enemy. Among them were a lot of well-known public figures. In 1923 she was brought for trial, as a result of which she was sentenced and three years later deported from Poland.
EN
Andrzej Gawroński (1885-1927), an eminent linguist and Orientalist was connected mainly with the Lviv University. He grew up in the atmosphere of an educated family home with numerous social connections in academic circles. During his university studies he remained in contact with the thriving circles of linguists and literature historians. When his own academic interests crystallized towards comparative grammar and Indology, he met Gustaw Blatt, Bogdan Dawidowicz and Jan Grzegorzewski, who inspired him to further pursue his interests in that field. After completing his postdoctoral thesis at the Jagiellonian University he returned to Lviv, where he took the chair in comparative linguistics and Sanskrit, forming a major centre of Oriental studies in Poland.
EN
A renowned Galician memoirist and official, having graduated from the faculty of Law at the Jagiellonian University, Kazimierz Chłędowski attempted to start a career of a scholar. The atmosphere seemed to be favourable due to the increasing Polonization of the University, the introduction of the system of habilitation, and the need for new staff members. What also influenced Chłędowski’s decision was the scholarly work of Julian Dunajewski, whose lectures he attended. Inspired by Dunajewski’s personality and his views on economy, Chłędowski wrote his works, which became the basis of his habilitation procedure. At the same time he published a lot of essays on economy and history as well as on general subjects. He was critical towards the economic situation in Galicia, suggesting concrete solutions: development of local governments and national institutions, decentralization of trade, reducing interest rates on loans. Eventually he gave up the scholarly career, however, and devoted himself to literature and work for the Galician authorities.
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