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“Who of us has never traced light over these walls”?: The archaeology of Stanisław Grochowiak’s poems

100%
Hejman H.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica
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2020
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vol. 57
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issue 2
129-144
PL
W prozaicznej ścianie, transparentnym elemencie scenerii życia, wiersze Stanisława Grochowiaka pozwalają odkryć konkret egzystencjalny, materię obdarzoną niesamowitym potencjałem hipnagogicznym, kronikę „przedmiotowości”. Ściana w imaginarium poety stanowi zarówno obiekt empiryczny, jak i fenomen, wykraczający poza ontologię materii, co warunkuje jej semantyczną płynność: raz przypomina antropologiczny dokument (miejsce inskrypcji kulturowej/biograficznej), kiedy indziej – substrat surrealistycznej wizji lub tworzywo artefaktu; może jawić się granicą strefy psychicznego komfortu bądź unaoczniać wewnątrzcielesną płaszczyznę, którą – niczym ściany prehistorycznych jaskiń – pokrywają archetypowe obrazy z epoki dzieciństwa (ludzkości). Szkic ten, zainspirowany kontekstami z pola historii sztuki, psychoanalizy oraz zwrotu ku rzeczom, jest próbą rozpoznania znaczeń koncentrujących się „na ścianie” w utworach: „Płonąca żyrafa”, „Malarstwo”, „Zejście” i „Ars Poetica”.
EN
Through a simple wall, a transparent element of everyday life, Stanisław Grochowiak’s poems enable one to uncover the existential concrete element, matter endowed with an amazing hypnagogic potential, a chronicle of ‘objectness’. In the poet’s imagined world, the wall constitutes both an empirical item and a phenomenon, which transcends the ontology of matter, which determines its semantic fluidity: at one point it resembles an anthropological document (a place of cultural/biographical inscription) only to, a moment later, resemble the basis for surrealist visions or the material of an artifact. The wall seems to be the limit of the zone of mental comfort or, e.g., expose the in-body plane, which, like the walls of pre-historic caves, is covered with archetypal images from (the) childhood (of humanity). This study, based on contexts in art history, psychoanalysis, and a material turn, is an attempt at identifying the references which focus “on the wall” in the following works: “Płonąca żyrafa”, “Malarstwo”, “Zejście”, and “Ars Poetica”.
2
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Powierzchowność Schulza

100%
Hejman H.
Schulz/Forum
|
2019
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issue 13
109-118
PL
It is high time to point out that superficiality as a feature of Bruno Schulz’s motifs is not something to be ignored. In Schulz’s short stories superficiality serves as an underestimated  genre of perception that allows one to notice the multiple (erotic, psychic, social, theatrical) qualities spread or concentrated on the surface of creatures. Paul Valéry wrote in L’idée fixe, “What lies deepest of all in man is the skin.” In Schulz’s fiction this dictum proves to be true without a paradox. The present paper is an attempt to consider the characters of Schulz’s literary universe in terms of superficiality. There, corporeality and psyche – practically every essence – are covered with multiple layers: clothes, meanings, the density of libido, and mystery. But the temptation to go down to the core has to be resisted to concentrate on the perceived sensual surface, rather than hunt the ever eluding content, the intangible eidos. It seems that Schulz tried to evoke the potential of the emballage, which makes it possible to explore the overlooked but still meaningful covers. Covers, layers, and surfaces that people are accustomed to become so obvious and transparent that they can easily become equivocal. That is where we start to perceive them as emballage – the terra incognita inspiring the foretaste; the membrane to project individual impressions; a “superficial” medium which triggers the game between the visible and the invisible. The outer wraps, unlike the symbol, do not reach to the depth of phenomena; instead, the spectator’s attention is focused on the surface, leaving the shape, contours or the content of whatever lies behind to guesswork. The covered thing manifests its material presence and the mystery of its form and that is what seems to attract the narrator of Schulz's stories the most: the language of facial expressions, the traces of personality left on the skin, exteriors, and appearances. They tempt themselves, by giving a hunch of something extraordinary – all the more valuable because they cannot be translated, understood, exposed or verified. The author provides an overview of the “superficial” motifs in Schulz’s stories.
3
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„Piła” Bolesława Leśmiana – w stronę transu i transgresji

100%
Hejman H.
Czytanie Literatury. Łódzkie Studia Literaturoznawcze
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2018
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issue 7
147-162
EN
Transgression engages psychosomatically: the corporeal experience of pain and pleasure provoked by self-preservation constraints paves the way for experiences detached from the senses and reason. Violation of barriers violates the man; beyond that lays the impossible, which in the well-known Leśmian’s ballad Piła is transposed as disintegration and dispersion of the body experiencing cruel delight. The article is an attempt at refreshed reading of this ballad; it suggests taking into account a sadistic context which is considered atypical of research into Leśmian. In this poem the inspiration of folk beliefs permeates with the modernist experience of the revolution. The similarity of carnal intercourse to a scene of spectacular torture makes it possible to treat this ballad as an important voice in the issue of distinction between sexuality aimed at progeny, and eroticism leading to barren and unuseful pleasure. The paper focuses on the characteristics of libertine features of Leśmian’s poetics, the indication of potential sources of the woman-saw image, the importance of exclamations of ballad lovers, the issue of rhythm and the symbolism of fragmented body.
PL
Transgresja angażuje psychosomatycznie: cielesne doznanie bólu i rozkoszy, sprowokowane przez samozachowawcze ograniczenia, toruje drogę doświadczeniom oderwanym od zmysłów i rozumu. Naruszenie barier narusza człowieka; potem jest niemożliwe, którego transpozycją w znanej balladzie Leśmiana – Piła – jest dezintegracja i dyspersja ciała, doznającego okrutnej rozkoszy. Artykuł stanowi próbę odświeżonej lektury tej ballady, proponuje uwzględnienie w interpretacji – nietypowego dla badań nad Leśmianem – sadycznego kontekstu. W Pile inspiracja wierzeniowością ludową, na którą wskazywał już Jacek Trznadel, przenika się z modernistycznie przepracowanym doświadczeniem rewolucji. Tematyzowane w utworze podobieństwo cielesnego obcowania do sceny widowiskowej tortury umożliwia potraktowanie tej ballady jako ważnego głosu w kwestii rozróżnienia między seksualnością, której celem jest progenitura, a erotyzmem, zmierzającym do rozkoszy bezpłodnej i nieużytecznej. Artykuł skupia się na charakterystyce libertyńskich rysów poetyki Leśmiana, wskazaniu potencjalnych źródeł obrazu kobiety-piły, znaczeniu eksklamacji balladowych kochanków, zagadnieniu rytmu oraz symbolice ciała pokawałkowanego.
4
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W czasie wiersza. "Posłańcy" Stanisława Grochowiaka

100%
Hejman H.
Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne
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2021
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issue 12
10-25
EN
This paper – presenting a close reading of Stanisław Grochowiak’s poem Posłańcy [The Messengers] – proposes reflections on the “time of the poem”. It deals with the issue of experiencing different temporalities while reading (when and where you are while experiencing written words; what is the relationship between the reader's "real" and "fictional" – immersed in the process of reading – lives), and proposes a depiction of pace moderations in the analyzed work – of its own, differential dynamics. The problem of time and velocity is the starting point for a hermeneutic interpretation, or rather hermeneutic exercises (inspired by Raymond Queneau's Exercises in Style): a conceptual, anthropological and semiotic reading experiment carried out on Grochowiak's poem. This essay is an attempt to pave a few paths for understanding The Messengers and their messages. Following in the footsteps of the title characters (with the help of associations and seemingly trivial observations) becomes a cognitive and imaginative adventure, a revolve around an ineffable, dark mystery of the poem (perhaps of all poems and their messengers).
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