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SOCIOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH FRONT

100%
Onopriyenko V.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
|
2008
|
issue 2
42-49
EN
The notion 'research front' was introduced at the end of 50s - beginning of 60s as a metaphor, to show that research is done at the border line between the learnt and the unlearnt. Later, sociology of science came to be aware that this borderline zone had its specifics with respect to communications of researchers, evaluation and elaboration of scientific knowledge. Empirical studies show that the period of front research makes only two years. Because high intensity of research communication during this period cannot be allowed for by formal/institutionalized means, the most adequate form of communication becomes 'invisible college'. The relation between research and research front can be shown by using the notion of 'echelon' of scientific publications being at various time distance from the front: journal papers and published reports (2 years distance from the front), analytical reviews of scientific periodicals (3-4 years), individual and co-authored monographs (5-7 years), textbooks, manuals, popular-scientific publications (more than 10 years). The front research features methodological opposition between innovation and tradition; innovation and stereotype; creativity, individualism and search associated with self-organization, and the corporativism associated with research teams and disciplinary nature of science ('normal science' according to T.Kuhn). That is, science, as any other work, combines, in a specific way, productive (oriented on novelty) and reproductive (oriented on pre-set patterns) component.
2

HISTORY OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE IN DIARIES AND LETTER OF V.I.VERNADSKY

100%
Onopriyenko V.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
|
2008
|
issue 4
19-31
EN
V.Vernadsky assigned a great importance to his 'genetic links' with Ukraine, being concerned with Ukrainian history, culture, his family genealogy. He believed organization of the Ukrainian Academy to be his most successful affair. A vast stock of his epistolary heritage, including his diaries, represents a valuable source on the history of the Ukrainian science, including the Ukrainian Academy. Now this stock can be better accessed thanks to the project 'Library of Works of Academician V.I.Vernadsky', fulfilled in the Russian Academy of Sciences in 90s. However, large stocks of materials remain unpublished. The article contains passages from Vernadsky's letters showing Vernadsky's judgments of scientists who were earliest members of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAN), and of others who communicated with him during his stay in Kiev. As seen from Vernadsky's writings, the main criterion of his judgment was one's implemented research potential, although organizational qualities were not disregarded as well. The examples of Vernadsky's opinions on K.Timiryazev - distinguished Russian biologist, M.Grushevsky - outstanding Ukrainian historian, and on other Ukrainian scientists engaged in establishing the UAN confirm that his judgments tended to be rigid but objective. Also, Vernadsky's opposition is shown to political speculation and partiality, emotionality and national ambitiousness of certain Ukrainian scientists representing the earliest generation of the Ukrainian academy science.
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