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PL
Rewitalizacja jest procesem, w ramach którego można wyróżnić kilka głównych faz: 1) planistyczną, 2) wykonawczą i 3) kontrolną. Prawna regulacja – choć w zróżnicowanym zakresie i przy wykorzystaniu odmiennych form – umożliwia udział podmiotom spoza systemu administracji publicznej we wszystkich fazach tego procesu. W niniejszym artykule skoncentrowano się nad prawną regulacją udziału podmiotów spoza systemu administracji publicznej w sferze planistycznej rewitalizacji, tj.: 1) dyskusją publiczną oraz 2) konsultacjami społecznymi.
EN
Revitalisation is a process where one can distinguish several main phases: planning phase, implementation phase, control phase. Legislation can in many ways help ntities outside of the public administration system to participate in every phase of this process. In this paper, the author concentrates on the regulation of entities operating outside the public administration system in the realm of revitalisation planning, especially public discussion and public consultation.
EN
The local government reforms of the 1990s created a three-tier local government system. The results of the reform are generally perceived as positive. However, it is pointed out that the legislator has not completed the political transformation process. This is the outcome of a failure to introduce an adequate and effective system of managing large cities - metropolises. In 2017, the first “metropolis” was established in the form of the GórnośląskoZagłębiowska Metropolia (Upper Silesia-Dąbrowa Basin Metropolis, GZM). The act sparkeda nationwide discussion with other metropolises voicing their demands, including Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot, which make up the core of the Tri-City. The Senate of the Republic of Poland, having listened to the Pomeranian (Pomorskie Province) local government officials and experts, put forward a legislative initiative. This article discusses it.
PL
Reformy samorządu terytorialnego z lat 90. XX wieku stworzyły trójszczeblowy system samorządu terytorialnego. Rezultaty reform są odbierane, generalnie rzecz ujmując, pozytywnie. Wskazuje się jednak, że prawodawca nie zamknął procesu transformacji ustrojowej. Nie wprowadził bowiem adekwatnego i skutecznego systemu zarządzania wielkimi miastami – metropoliami. W 2017 r. została powołana pierwsza „metropolia” w postaci Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowskiej Metropolii. Ustawa otworzyła ogólnokrajową dyskusję, w której swoje żądania artykułowały inne metropolie, w tym też Gdańsk, Gdynia i Sopot stanowiące rdzeń Trójmiasta. Senat Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, wsłuchując się w głos pomorskich samorządowców i ekspertów, wystąpił z inicjatywą ustawodawczą. O niej jest ten artykuł.
EN
The notion of a “balanced development” can be analyzed from various perspectives. Although it was originally formed in philosophical discourse, later it started to be used also in law. An increasing number of countries, among them also Poland, endeavour to make the principle of balanced development the basis of their legal domestic law. Pursuant to Article 5 of the Polish Constitution of 2 April 1997, “The Republic of Poland guards the independence and integrity of its territories, guarantees human rights, freedom and safety to its citizens, protects national heritage and environment, relying on the principle of balanced development”. The consitutional principle of balanced development, which is the basis of Polish domestic law, costitutes the main factor determining Polish institutions, such as those described in the Act of 27 April 2011 on the law of preservation of environment. They stipulate the activity of the entities of public administration as well as the behaviour of regular citizens, giving the necessity to protect various values as their main justification. What is more, by imposing on the planning entities a duty to stick to ecophysiographic study, they affect the process of creating and passing the projects of planning acts, regulated by the Act of 27 March 2003 on area development and planning. Thus an ecophysiographic study seems to constitute a document which reflects the principle of balanced development. The authors propound a thesis that an ecophysiographic study is a premise of balanced development in area planning, which is indicated by both the structure of the study as well as its location in the formalized procedure and the effects of the lack thereof. All the aforementioned issues are the subject of the following analysis.
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