Love and Hate (But Mostly Hate) in the New World. Vision of English Colonization in North America in Terence Malick’s Film. Terence Malick’s The New World retells the story of Pocahontas and John Smith and the founding of Jamestown, Virginia, the latter considered to initiate the period of British colonization of North America. Of the historical Pocahontas, the daughter of Wahunsunacawh (more famous as Powhatan), the chief of the Virginia tribes, we really do not know too much, but the popular image of the “Indian princess” and lover of the soldier-colonist has become all too well known. Malick is not trying to be very original in his version of the Pocahontas myth—it seems that retelling her story is merely a pretext to portray an imagined, almost ideal native community and contrast it with the chaotic and violent world of white settlers. Paradoxically, in this audibly and visually enchanting narration some basic truth about the founding days of the American nation is convincingly transmitted: that the root of the nation’s foundation is to be seen not in the alleged love of two individuals coming from two different cultures, but in the growing misunderstanding, distrust and hatred between the two races.
In Polish scholarship which I divide here into three groups: scientifi c, popularising, and ‘occasional’ publications, there is no uniform strategy for translating the names of native North American peoples. Drawing on many examples from Polish-language publications from the last twenty years mainly, I discuss various strategies utilised by authors and translators of rendering names of Native American groups into Polish. I distinguish three such strategies: 1. translating and declining all the names into Polish (e.g. changing ‘Apaches’ into ‘Apacze’); 2. leaving original names (i.e. using versions appropriated from the American English literature, e.g. ‘Apaches’); 3. trying out diverse mix approaches (e.g., translating and/or declining some names into Polish and leaving others in original). Although the latter approach seems confusing and challenging, paradoxically it is where reasonable solutions are found, that is how to make Native American names comprehensible and at the same time readable in Polish. In order to overcome the onomastic chaos that is common in Polish scientific and popular literature, I propose a set of rules that should help authors and translators to make proper translation decisions. I also discuss examples of the most common errors and suggest solutions of how to translate the most problematic names.
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