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PRIEBEH PRIPOJENIA HORNEJ ORAVY K POĽSKU V ROKU 1938

100%
Matula P.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2013
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vol. 16
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issue 3
-
EN
This study characterises circumstances of annexation of northern Orava villages Suchá Hora and Hladovka to Poland in 1938. The inhabitants of the annexed area opposed their joining to Poland. The author follows the aspects of different point of view from Slovak and Polish sides in goral identity. The author shows problems which occurred during delimitation and the military conflict between Polish and Czech-Slovak army.
2
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Polsko-słowackie spory graniczne w pierwszej połowie XX wieku. Kwestia interpretacji i percepcji

100%
Matula P.
Facta Ficta. Journal of Theory, Narrative & Media
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2021
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vol. 7
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issue 1
177-190
EN
There are historical disputes and conflicts between states and nations that are well known and still resonate in the consciousness of society. Examples can be found in the history of Polish-Ukrainian or Slovak-Hungarian relations, which often influence current political and social thinking and attitudes. On the other hand, there are conflicts about which the public knows little, and their awareness is tied only to a specific region, although their course and the severity with which they were fought are comparable to those that are much better known. One of such conflicts is the dispute over the Polish-Slovak border in the years 1918-1945, on which the chapter focuses. After World War I, the regions of Spisz, Orawa and Czadecki became the subject of a Polish-Czechoslovak territorial dispute. After two years of constant conflict, the Conference of Ambassadors decided to divide the territory between Poland and Czechoslovakia. A new border dispute occurred in 1938 after the signing of the Munich Agreement. Poland gained further parts of Orawa, Spisz and Czadecki. After the outbreak of World War II, the separated parts of the territory were annexed to Slovakia, which was Germany's ally in the September campaign. After 1945, the border returned to the pre-Munich state. During this long conflict there were armed clashes and murders. The dispute also had a strong and negative impact on Polish-Slovak relations, especially just before and during World War II. Today, this topic is usually dealt with only by Polish and Slovak historiography, but the interpretation of the events is different. In this paper, I will try to answer the question of what was the essence of the dispute, why the topic is little known in the public opinion and why Polish and Slovak historians still cannot agree.
3
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SLOVAK-POLISH RELATIONSHIPS IN 1938-1947 IN THE CONTEXT OF BORDER DISPUTES

100%
Matula P.
Studia Humanistyczne AGH
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2013
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vol. 12
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issue 1
EN
After World War I Poland demanded a connection to the northern part of the former Kingdom of Hungary (Spis, Orava and Kysuce). This area was also claimed by Czechoslovakia. The regions became the subject of the Czechoslovak-Polish territorial dispute. The Supremę Council decided by plebiscite on the regions of Tesin, Orava and Spis on 28 September 1919. In the end it was not a plebiscite which decided about the controversial territory, but international arbitration. The Conference of Ambassadors decided on dividing Spis and Orava between Poland and Czechoslovakia on 28 July 1920. Most of the inhabitants disagreed with the decision. Another border dispute occurred in 193 8 after the signing of the Munich Agreement, when Poland madę a claim not only to other parts of Orava and Spis but also Kysuce. The Slovak-Polish Delimitation Committee was attacked by inhabitants of disputed territory several times, resulting in the Polish army occupying the area. After the beginning of the Second World War all parts of the regions of Spis, Orava and Kysuce became part of Slovakia, as Bratislava collaborated with Berlin. At the end of WWII the border was returned to the pre-Munich position but the situation in the disputed territory was unstable for a long time after 1945.
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