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EN
The article suggests using the category of the contact zone adopted from postcolonial studies in research on borderland, which - in turn - allows researchers to describe the phenomenon of the frontier. According to Pratt, contact zone may be understood as the space of cooperation and competition, coexistence and antagonism, contact and conflict of groups. The aim of the article is to analyse the representations of borderland in Polish-Jewish prose of the 1930s (including the novels published in the mass-circulation press). We shall focus on the motives that stand behind the conflictive communication. It is worth noting that in the literary renditions, interactions between Poles and Jews easily transform into conflicts. Conflictive communication appears in various places (e.g. school, street, neighbourhood), forms (nicknames, arguments, pogrom cries) and functions (from initiating and escalating tensions to riots and murders). As a result, the contact zone transforms into a conflict zone.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia literaturę polską w Izraelu jako literaturę tworzoną przez migrantów: stanowiącą odpowiedź na doświadczenie przemieszczenia terytorialnego oraz funkcjonowania pomiędzy różnymi kulturami. Przedmiotem analiz są obecne w poezji polsko-izraelskiej parafrazy, trawestacje i parodie utworów Adama Mickiewicza, w których odwołanie do kanonicznych tekstów polskiej literatury służy zapisowi życia w Izraelu. Posługiwanie się polskimi wzorami literackimi w opowieściach o nowym życiu i wpisywanie w nie świata izraelskiego oraz znaków kultury hebrajskiej interpretowane są jako swoisty korelat doświadczenia migracji.
EN
The article presents Polish literature in Israel as literature written by migrants: a response to the experience of being relocated and of functioning between different cultures. The subject of the analyses are the paraphrases, travesties and parodies of works by Adam Mickiewicz that are present in Polish-Israeli literature. Referring to the canon texts of Polish literature in them serves recording the life in Israel. Using Polish literary patterns in stories about the new life and inscribing the Israeli world as well as signs of Hebrew culture into them is interpreted as a peculiar correlate of the experience of migration.
3
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Racist Discourse In The Interwar Literary Criticism

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EN
In the Polish literary criticism, racist discourse is strictly related to nationalist discourse and principally comes to play in the mainstream of interwar nationalist literary criticism.1 This symptomatic configuration of race, nation and literature in the aesthetics of the West is conditioned – according to Anthony Appiah – by ‘the dual connection made in eighteenth and nineteenth -century thought between, on the one hand, race and nationality, and, on the other, nationality and literature. In short, the nation is the key middle term in the relations between the concept of race and the idea of literature”.
EN
The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne vol. 64, issue 1 (2016). The article presents Polish literature in Israel as literature written by migrants: a response to the experience of being relocated and of functioning between different cultures. The subject of the analyses are the paraphrases, travesties and parodies of works by Adam Mickiewicz that are present in Polish-Israeli literature. Referring to the canon texts of Polish literature in them serves the recording of life in Israel. Using Polish literary patterns in stories about the new life and inscribing the Israeli world, as well as signs of Hebrew culture, into them is interpreted as a peculiar correlate of the experience of migration.
EN
This article suggests using the category of contact zone taken from the postcolonial studies in the research on borderland, which allows to describe frontier phenomena and processes in their complexity, multi-dimensionality and ambiguity. Following M. L. Pratt contact zone is understood as the space of cooperation and competition, coexistence and antagonism, contact and conflict of groups. The subject of analysis are the representations of borderland in Polish-Jewish in the prose of 1930s (including the serialized novels published in mass-circulation press). In the centre of interest there is the motive of conflict communication. In the literary renditions interactions between Poles and Jews easily transform into conflict communication and focus on indicating group differences and borders, defining collective identities and their positioning. Conflictive communication appears in various places (school, street, neighbourhood), in various forms (nick-names, arguments, pogrom cries) and functions (from initiating and escalating tensions to inspiring riots and murders), adding to the transformation of a contact zone into a conflict zone.
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