The are some minimal surpluses of international financial flows (on the capital and reserve account) that are needed to support critical payment deficit at the previous level in the next period. If the amount of critical deficits is in excess over the total accessible surplus of international capital flows, it inevitably leads to a violent and forced correction of the current account and serious disturbances of the growth process. The breakdown of financing of payment deficit in emerging economies, partly may result from weaknesses of operations of regulating institutions that do not have sufficient influence on behaviours and attitudes of subjects participating in foreign capital turnovers. It requires however an appropriate recognition of the strength and nature of the reaction and behaviours of national subjects interacting with a strategy of domestic regulatory institutions.
This paper describes an attempt to analysis factors that contribute to the rise of the external imbalances in domestic economy, namely: debt crises, volatility fluctuations of capital flows and diminishing predictability of international solvency. None of these factors fully explain the all reasons of escalation of external disequilibrium. Only researching them in an integral relation allows for better understanding of the escalation processes of external imbalances in particular countries. An acquaintance with these processes is the efficiency condition for the adjustment activities to stabilize capital flows and stop the escalation of external disequilibrium in domestic economy.
In the most developing and transforming countries, the crucial constraint on the growth rate income and growth of demand, is the current balance of payments and the inability to finance a current account deficit because of low capital accumulation. Export growth relaxes a constraint on current account and allows all other components of demand (consumption, investment and budget expenditure) to grow faster without balance of payments difficulties. This is the simplest explanations of the relationship between balance of payment, export growth and output growth.
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