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  1. 2 Filozofia (Philosophy)

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  1. 2 Vydra A.

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  1. 1 2015

  2. 1 2014

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1

CANGUILHEMOVE ANALÝZY NORMALITY A VÝZVY PRE FILOZOFIU

100%
Vydra A.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2014
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vol. 69
|
issue 3
212 – 221
EN
The problem of normality is the key topic in the works of Georges Canguilhem. He concerned himself with this theme during his whole academic life: one can find more than one exclusive analysis of the normality in his writings. Canguilhem’s first influential text, namely his dissertation thesis on the normal and the pathological (as well as the appendix from 1966) is confronted by the author with other texts of the French philosopher. The paper shows several levels (biological, social, philosophical) in Canguilhem’s analyses of normality and examines the impact these analyses had on the work of the philosopher. According to Canguilhem, to be healthy means to be able to assume the risk of establishing new norms. It means not only to preserve one’s life, too. The author’s conviction is that philosophy must to decide upon its future: either to sterilize its own existence, or to run the risk of making progress. Consequently, the dramatic situation of philosophy is all over again the one of Achilles’ choice.
2

NAČO POTREBUJEME VITALIZMUS? CANGUILHEMOVA REINTERPRETÁCIA JEDNÉHO POJMU

100%
Vydra A.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2015
|
vol. 70
|
issue 1
13 – 22
EN
The paper concerns a specific defence of vitalism in Georges Canguilhem’s essay “Aspects of Vitalism.” Canguilhem suggests that vitalism is not a scientific doctrine, but rather a demand or a claim of irreducibility of the living. Canguilhem even signifies it as an ethics (because the sphere of values is essential here for understanding vital phenomena). On the contrary, mechanicism as a common name for all conceptions hostile to vitalism is in fact a basic method (in terms of a way or an attitude) of scientific work. The relation between these antagonisms takes often a form of a struggle. The first chapter of the article grasps the topic of life and the vitality of vitalism. The second one is a consideration on inspirational and resistant features of vitalism. The last chapter gives an explication of the scientific and the pre-scientific and of valorisation of vital phenomena. Although Canguilhemian “vitalism” as a demand cannot be labelled as science, it is still the reverse side of scientific work based primarily on mere naturalistic attitude.
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