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EN
The paper shows foreign debt analysis for Polish companies, in particular including its amount, growth rate and importance in Poland's total liabilities. Moreover, the authoress points out a change of financial instruments' portfolio (which causes companies' foreign debt growth) and primary external conditions for companies to use external sources of development financing.
EN
The aim of the paper is to present the effects of business operations in the world market for commodities, services and capital, focusing in particular on the growth in foreign debt.This aim is reflected in the structure of the paper. First the extent and character of business participation in the international labour organisation are shown. Next the contribution of companies to Poland’s foreign debt, as well as the development and dynamics of their debt are investigated. Eventually, the structure of instruments generating foreign debt is presented.Based on the transformations in the size and structure of debt of the analysed entities, four conclusions are formulated to complete the study.
EN
The objective of the article was to define and assess the tendencies in the foreign trade of the West Pomeranian Voivodship in 2004–2013. The first part presents the size and the dynamics of the turnover, the second and third ones – the geographical and goods structure of the turnover, and the fourth – the fluctuations of the balance of the turnover. The general conclusion of the research is that the West-Pomeranian Voivodship did not play a significant role in the foreign trade of Poland, but in the whole decade that was analysed it had a positive balance in its foreign exchange contributing thus to a decrease of Poland’s overall deficit.
DE
Das Ziel der wissenschaftlichen Bearbeitung war die Darstellung der Haupttendenzen im Außenhandel Polens mit Deutschland in den Jahren 1990–2008. Im ersten Teil wurde sowohl auf die politisch-institutionelle, geographisch-wirtschaftliche als auch sozial-kulturelle Bedingtheit der Entwicklung des bilateralen Austauschs aufmerksam gemacht. In den weiteren Teilen wurden das Ausmaß und die Dynamik des Austauschs, die Rolle des westlichen Nachbarn im polnischen Außenhandel und die Veränderungen der Warenstruktur, unter der besonderen Berücksichtigung der Entwicklung des intra-industriellen Handels, der Analyse unterzogen.
EN
The objective of the paper was to determine the influence of balance of payments transactions and other flows on the international investment position (IIP) of the EU member states in the period 2000–2012. The evaluation of presented factors’ significance was based on the relationship between alterations imposed by them separately and total net IIP changes, and correlation indices. Research conclusions show that in the period 2000–2012 other flows’ importance to the total net IIP changes of the EU members increased, at the expense of the role of balance of payments transactions. Other flows influenced at most the net IIP changes of EU member countries distinguished by great financial openness and the most developed financial markets. On the other hand, transactions played a key role in foreign assets and liabilities balance changes of the countries with relatively low degree of international financial integration and less developed financial sectors.
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