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PL
BAAL – IL DIO GUERRIERO DI UGARITL’articolo tratta del guerriero divino Baal nel ciclo mitico di Ugarit che porta il suo nome – lb‘l. Il suo atteggiamento da guerriero viene esemplificato attraverso la presentazione dei diversi conflitti nei quali è stato coinvolto. Prima di tutto vengono analizzate le lotte contro Jamm, il dio del mare, e Mot, il signore della morte. L’analisi riguarda il modo nel quale i conflitti vengono descritti e quali termini vengono adoperati nel contesto letterario dei poemi religiosi. Baal acquista la sua posizione nel panteon ugaritico proprio grazie ai conflitti. Non si può dire che Baal è un dio della guerra, piuttosto diventa il garante dell’ordine. Proprio per questo combatte le forze che sono in grado di compromettere questo ordine. Anche se il capo del panteon rimane El, Baal però grazie al suo atteggiamento da guerriero diventa il più potente tra i dei e garantisce la stabilità.
PL
RecenzjaGIOVANNI ODASSO, BIBLIA I RELIGIE. BIBLIJNE PERSPEKTYWY TEOLOGII RELIGII, TŁUM. STANISŁAW OBIREK, KRAKÓW 2005, WAM, SS. 336.
EN
The article harks back to the publication entitled “The Motif of the Angel(s) of Death in Islamic Foundational Sources” (VV 38/2 [2020]), which was devoted to the analysis of the eponymous theme in the foundational sources of Islam: the Quran and the sunna of the Prophet Muhammad. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the motif of angel(s) may have been borrowed from two monotheistic traditions that came before. The verification of the thesis that the motif of the angel(s) of death underwent diffusion was carried out in several steps. First, the motif was identified in the textual traditions of Judaism and early Christianity (i.e. sets of texts that were known and, in all likelihood, widespread in the Middle East during the formative period of Islam). As a result of the analysis, most of the themes recognised in the foundational texts of Islam were found. The next step was to identify possible routes of their transmission and percolation into the Islamic tradition and to determine the “ideological demand” for the motif of the angel(s) of death in the burgeoning Islam. Although Jewish and Christian imagery and beliefs about angels are an important (if not the primary) source of influence on Muslim angelology, there was most likely a two-way interaction between the monotheistic traditions, albeit to a limited extent.
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