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1

TOCHTERSIEDLUNG TRIBEČ? PROBLEMATIKA ZAKLADANIA DCÉRSKYCH OSÍDLENÍ V PRIEBEHU 19. STOROČIA NA PRÍKLADE MALOKARPATSKÝCH HUNCOKÁROV

100%
Krajčovič P.
Populačné štúdie Slovenska
|
2023
|
vol. 16
|
issue 1
5 – 21
EN
This study focuses on the analysis of possible subsidiary settlement of German-speaking ethnographic group - huncokars on the territory of Tribeč during the 19th century, through information from written sources. Huncokars, who were part of the German minority, came to the territory of present-day western Slovakia from the first half of the 18th century. During that period, they mainly inhabited the forest areas of Little Carpathian and parts of the White Carpathian mountains. Professionally, they were focused to work in forestry. They were mostly engaged in logging, burning charcoal and lime, but also in wheeler and woodcarving profession. Some of them also practiced the professions of mountain keepers, rangers and huntsmen. Huncokars hardly built any compact settlements, they lived in solitudes that were several kilometres away from each other. For decades they persisted as an endogamous and ethnically closed community. The social events that occurred after 1945 led to the extinction of their specific life in the mountainous environment. In the secondary literature, it is stated that from around 1850, part of the Little Carpathian huncokars moved to the territory of other Slovak mountains. The main goal of my study is a comprehensive research and analysis of the historical development of possible huncokar settlements at Tribeč, which could arose as part of the internal migration of this German speaking population.
2

SPECIAL FEATURES OF GERMAN ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH OF GERMAN SPEAKING LUMBERJACKS – HUNCOKARS

100%
Krajčovič P.
Populačné štúdie Slovenska
|
2022
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
21 - 42
EN
This study is devoted to the special features of the ethnographic research of German speaking lumberjacks – huncokars (pronounced hoont-so-cars) which took place from the 1920s to the 1940s and was conducted by researchers working in German and Sudeten German ethnographic organizations. At that time, the lay and expert public were increasingly interested in the living conditions, customs and traditions and culture of the German population that lived beyond the borders of the Weimar Republic and later the Third Reich. The huncokars were particularly interesting for researchers because of the fact that they lived apart from the majority (Slovak) population in forested regions of western Slovakia. They were an endogamous and ethnically closed community. The main goal of my study is to identify and analyse the most frequent topics of German and Sudeten German research related to the huncokar population.
3

PROBLEMATIKA PÔVODU HUNCOKÁROV SO ZAMERANÍM NA NEMECKY HOVORIACE KRAJINY

100%
Krajčovič P.
Populačné štúdie Slovenska
|
2022
|
vol. 15
|
issue 2
45-68
EN
Huncokars, who belonged to the German ethnic group, lived scattered on forest settlements located in present day southwestern Slovakia. In several chronologically different colonization stages, they settled mainly at the territory of Little Carpathian Mountains. They were professionally oriented to work in forestry. Although German and Sudeten German research respectively, has provided a broader knowledge about their everyday life, the question of their origin is still relatively ambiguous. The main goal of my study is, based on available written materials, the identification of huncokar families or individuals, who came from German-speaking countries.
4

ČESKÉ A NEMECKY HOVORIACE KRAJINY AKO MIESTA PÔVODU „HORSKÝCH ĽUDÍ“ – HUNCOKÁROV

100%
Krajčovič P.
Populačné štúdie Slovenska
|
2023
|
vol. 16
|
issue 2
5 - 22
EN
The presented study deals with the question of the origin of "mountain people" - huncokars in Czech and German-speaking countries. This specific ethnographic group, which was a part of the German minority in the past, came to the territory of western Slovakia in the period of 18th to 19th century. In ethnographic works from the past, is emphasized most often their Styrian, Tyrolean, Bavarian, Lower Austrian, or Upper Austrian origin. Some authors also mentioned the historical territories of the Czech lands. Similar conclusions were reached by a part of contemporary researchers who were in direct contact with the descendants of the studied community. The main goal of my study was to synthesize all the available information regarding the origin of huncokars. The research was primarily based on the study of secondary literature (ethnographic works) and archival materials (registry records).
5

SÍDLA HUNCOKÁROV NA ÚZEMÍ POVAŽSKÉHO INOVCA, STRÁŽOVSKÝCH VRCHOV A TRIBEČA VO SVETLE PÍSOMNÝCH PRAMEŇOV

100%
Krajčovič P.
Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)
|
2020
|
vol. 27
|
issue 2
36 – 49
EN
German speaking woodsmen, so called Huncokars, lived at the scattered mountain settlements and represented special element within area of today Slovakia. By the isolated way of life in mountain environment, they existed until first half of the 20th century. This study focuses on the research of Huncokar settlements at the area of Považský Inovec, Strážov Mountains and Tribeč, on the basis of written sources. The aim of this study is comprehensive exploration of historical development of known and also now unknown Huncokar settlements at the area of aforementioned mountains.
6

ROZŠÍRENIE KULTU SV. VINCENTA NA SLOVENSKU A V RAKÚSKU AKO VÝSLEDOK MIGRÁCIÍ ALPSKÝCH DREVORUBAČOV V PRIEBEHU 18. STOROČIA

63%
Slobodová Nováková K., Krajčovič P.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
|
2020
|
vol. 68
|
issue 1
7 – 28
EN
Saint Vincent is one of the saints the worshipping of which occupies an important place both in the official church cult and in the folk religiousness. He is currently regarded as a patron of wine growers, wine producers and woodcutters. The folk respect was particularly manifested in Saint Vincent’s native Spain and France, and this cult gradually expanded to Germany and Austria in the 14th century. Thanks to migration, it spread from these regions to southern Austria and Slovakia with relatively successful establishment. The study analyses the materials from different periods of the 19th and 20th centuries, obtained by field and archive research on the religiousness of Alpine woodcutters, as well as older historical materials and contemporary records of this cult. By means of a comparative analysis of the obtained data, the study attempts to explore the movements by which the cult of Saint Vincent could have spread to Lower Austria and Western Slovakia. It also points out the importance of interdisciplinary research in indicating the origin of Alpine woodcutters, designated by the exoethnonym Huncokars in Slovakia. The previous research and publications about this group were based on relatively poor and limited sources of information, many of which were not always correctly interpreted. The study has the ambition to add and correct the information on the origin of Alpine woodcutters in the light of the newest research and findings. The research of the cult of Saint Vincent is one of the paths that indicate the origin of the group as well as the possible ways of the dissemination of the cult thanks to the migration of its supporters. Through the example of this cult, we also aim to highlight cultural transfers as a result of ethnic movements in Central Europe.
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