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Ruská minorita v postsovětském prostoru jako nástroj zahraniční politiky Ruské federace

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Leichtová M.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2012
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vol. 98
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issue 1-2
97-115
EN
This paper discussed strategies of Russian federation how to use a Russian minority living in the post-soviet space as a tool of increasing own influence in the respective post-soviet countries. On the examples of Kazakhstan, Georgia and Ukraine, we have identified two basic phases of such strategy. First, group identity of Russian population has to be created, which can be made by the group itself, by the government of post-soviet country, by Russian federation or by combination of several factors. This process is in most cases not directed by Russian federation, but it is a product of broader situation. Second, a securitization of some situation regarding this „group“ has to be made. It can usually happen during some extraordinary situation such as elections, introduction of new law or change in social conditions. In this phase, is Russian federation already active player, securitizing actor. When fulfilled these two steps open space for Russian federation to intervene into the situation as a protector, advisor or relevant side of the conflict. As we have shown, attention which is in fact paid to Russian minority is often small in scale. It serves only as a justification for Russian federation to become part of internal situation in the post-soviet countries and to increase its influence in the respective country via „protection“ of Russian citizens or Russian speaking populations.
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