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EN
This paper highlights a research conception based on the biographic method. Biography and the biographic method have been extensively discusses in ample and very diversified literature. Scholars representing various fields of knowledge have been interested in biographic researches, which, however, are subjects of controversies among partisans of different theoretical orientations, even within the same discipline.
EN
The text defines the concept of “unclosed territories”, the third category proposed by the author which completes his methodology of encoding, reading and interpreting geographical places. The author’s argument holds that physical accessibility of space does not automatically imply its openness. Further, in order to understand the visited space one must walk in the footsteps left by others. These may include a literary text, music, dance and interplay of senses. Leaving traces in physical space is an individual act tinted by “geographical expressions”. The author’s reflections draw from a variety of cultural texts and his own itineraries.
EN
This article offers an analysis of the real space of Dublin and the narration space of the city depicted in James Joyce’s novels. The groundwork of the reflections is Mikhail Bakhtin and Jean-Paul Ferrier’s concepts, where literary research and geographical research play complementary roles in the process of discovering and understanding the city space.
EN
A city is the subject of scientific analysis of different discipline. We can examine it as an objective reality. Another aspect represents the human approach where man who create the city is the subject of the study. The geographical analysis of literature is quite new way of study the urban issue. In this paper the author presents the initial sample of geographical analysis of the New York urban landscape existing in poetry. He choose the works of three different poets coming from three different cultural background: Walt Whitman (the New York inhabitant), Federico Garcia Lorca (visitor to the city) and Jan Lechoń (emigrant temporary living there). In the author’s opinion human approach in urban geography gives us an opportunity to identify the scope of research for different social sciences.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wstępną koncepcję zastosowania w geografii „współczynnika humanistycznego” . Propozycja badawcza wskazuje możliwość objęcia analizą geograficzną utworów literackich. Mogą one wówczas pełnić rolę uzupełniającą lub inspirującą w społecznej geografii miast.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań terenowych nad powiązaniami regionalnymi gmin oraz stopniem przygotowania wyposażenia miast do pełnienia funkcji powiatu prowadzonych latem 1996 r. w rejonie Poddębice-Turek.
EN
The field survey was done in summer 1996; it concerned the local society’s acceptance of the new administrative division of Poland. The local society was very interested in our work and very enthusiastic to answer the questionnaire. The following conclusions were reached as a result: 1. More than half of the respondents wish to change the existing administrative division. 30% are opposed to any changes and the reminder have no opinion about changes. 2. More than 40% of the total population is in favour of the system of a three-tier administrative system, and about 20% prefer the system of a two-tier administrative system. 3. More than 70% of all respondents chose the option to belong to the Łódź voivodship. 4. The key factors which respondents enumerated as advantages for their local centre to receive the status of „powiat” were: - identification with their own locality; - good accessibility by public transport; - existing good service infrastructure.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano dwa sposoby postępowania badawczego przy analizowaniu przestrzeni społecznej. Pierwszy z nich nawiązuje do obiektywnych studiów nad środowiskiem geograficznym, zaś drugi eksponuje podejście humanistyczne w interpretacji zjawisk przestrzennych. Zamierzeniem autorów było wykazanie komplementarności obu metod analitycznych. Weryfikacji poddano hipotezę, że przestrzeń małego miasta jest zróżnicowana społecznie, ale nie występują tutaj tak silne kontrasty, jak w dużych aglomeracjach.
EN
Field study with a view to analyse social differentiation of the space in two small towns Głowno and Stryków in Central Poland was conducted in 1996 and 1997. The study was of scientific and didactic nature. The participants were the students of the second year of Geography of Tourism and Hotel Management. Unemployment, poverty and criminality can be listed amongst the most fundamental social problems. We decided to focus in our studies on the areas which are differentiated from physiognomic and spatial point of view. The studies were conducted in the form of direct interview with the inhabitants of the identified areas and at the same time included the analysis of statistical data. The interview was open, without any questionnaire. The advantage of such a method is its flexibility and the fact that it leaves much freedom. It allows to approach everybody in an individual way and allows to conduct each interview individually. The analysis of social problems of Stryków in spatial perspective indicates the combination of poverty, unemployment and criminality. However, we are not able to identify typical pathological areas. Usually they are single buildings or flats. Although Stryków and Głowno are small towns, seemingly uniform, the areas under study show numerous important differences. These differences, however, cannot be considered sharp contrasts as it is the case in big cities.
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