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Najbardziej dotkliwy socjalny powód niezadowolenia społecznego w Polsce „ludowej”. Polityka mieszkaniowa komunistów w latach 1944–1970

100%
Golon M.
Copernicus Czasy Nowożytne i Współczesne
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2023
|
vol. 2
25-55
EN
The article concerns selected aspects of the housing policy of “people’s” Poland, due to the adaptation of new legal regulations regarding the housing market in the post-Stalinist period. They are shown against the background of normative acts and the actual situation in the first, post-war decade of communist rule in Poland. The actual exclusive electrical installation was also presented: Elbląg and Wąbrzeźno. The basis of the article was the literature on the subject, legal acts regarding housing management in the “Journal of Laws” and “Monitor Polski”, as well as archival documents, providing access to selected cities during the communist period for socio-economic purposes.
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Prawdziwe centrum lokalnej władzy w okresie stalinowskim – Komitet Powiatowy PZPR w Nidzicy w latach 1948–1956

100%
Golon M.
Copernicus Czasy Nowożytne i Współczesne
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2022
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vol. 1
11-48
EN
The article presents selected aspects of the history of the Polish United Workers’ Party in the Nidzica poviat in the years 1948–1956. The genesis of the Stalinist party in this poviat was characterized, i.e. selected aspects of the activities of the Polish Workers’ Party and its activities in 1946–1948. Attention was drawn to the extremely developed propaganda activity of the communist authorities, which used lies on a very large scale, promoting, inter alia, Soviet models in all areas of life, from political matters to the economy and the sphere of culture. The process of strengthening the position of the PPR in the Nidzica poviat was emphasized, which was related to, inter alia, with the destruction of the illegal opposition, as well as the Polish People’s Party and the Polish Socialist Party. The course of major political events of that period was also presented: the falsified people’s referendum in June 1946, the equally falsified parliamentary elections in January 1947, and the increasingly wider scope of political repressions against communist opponents. The process of creating the structures of the Polish United Workers’ Party and its leading activists was described, from December 1948 to 1956. Selected aspects of the PZPR’s activities in the political, social and economic fields were characterized. The consolidation of the hegemonic position of the PZPR in political life, socialist realism in the sphere of culture and the Stalinization of economic life, including activities for the collectivization of agriculture. Very strong ties between the party leadership and the local security apparatus, that is, above all, with the County Public Security Office, were emphasized. Attention was paid to the persecution of political opponents, and at the same time to various manifestations of social resistance against communists.
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Witold Konopka, Pobyty prymasa Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Toruniu. Z dziejów Kościoła katolickiego w Polsce po II wojnie światowej, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2012, ss. 220.

100%
Golon M.
Rocznik Toruński
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2013
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issue 40
285-289
4
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Abandoning Stalinism in Housing Policy of the People’s Republic of Poland. Legal Regulations with Respect to ‘Roof over Head’ vs. the Reality at the Turn of the 1950s and 1960s Based on the Example of the Housing Policy in Selected Municipalities at District Level

100%
Golon M.
Teka Komisji Prawniczej
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2020
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vol. 13
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issue 2
197-206
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie niektórych aspektów polityki mieszkaniowej Polski Ludowej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nowych regulacji prawnych dotyczących rynku mieszkaniowego w okresie postalinowskim. Dla pełnego obrazu zarysowano też główne aspekty polityki mieszkaniowej w okresie stalinowskim. W artykule przedstawiono także faktyczną kondycję gospodarki mieszkaniowej na przykładzie wybranych ośrodków miejskich. Podstawą źródłową była literatura przedmiotu, akty prawne zamieszczone w „Dzienniku Ustaw” i „Monitorze Polskim”, a także dokumenty archiwalne, związane z historią społeczno-gospodarczą wybranych miast. W początkach komunistycznej Polski, m.in. dekretami z 7 września 1944 r. oraz 21 grudnia 1945 r. państwo przyznało sobie prawo dużej ingerencji w prywatny sektor mieszkaniowy. Akty te tworzyły ramy dla faktycznej kontroli znajdującego się w budowie komunistycznego państwa nad tak ważną sferą życia, jaką była gospodarka mieszkaniowa, przede wszystkim w miastach. Odwilż polityczna połowy lat pięćdziesiątych otworzyła lepsze niż dotąd perspektywy. Państwo było teraz bowiem skore finansować w znacznie szerszym zakresie budownictwo. Zwieńczeniem popaździernikowej akcji zmian prawnych regulujących politykę mieszkaniową, stało się prawo lokalowe z 1959 r. Prawo lokalowe stanowiło też, że traciły moc: dekret z 21 grudnia 1945 r. o publicznej gospodarce lokalami, dekret z 28 lipca 1948 r. o najmie lokali oraz dekret z 18 lutego 1955 r. o właściwości organów w zakresie publicznej gospodarki lokalami.
EN
The purpose of this paper is to characterise some aspects of housing policy applicable in the People’s Republic of Poland with particular consideration of new legal regulations concerning the housing market in the post-Stalinist period. Also, to present a more complete picture (of the situation), key aspects of the housing policy in the Stalinist period are presented/discussed. The article also presents the actual condition of the housing economy using the examples of selected towns. Sources included subject matter literature, legal acts, and archival documents linked with the social and economic history of selected towns/cities. In the beginnings of communist Poland, the decree of 7 September 1944 and of 21 December 1945 from strictly political and even ideological perspective as they constituted the frame for the actual control over the making over an important sphere of life such as housing management, of great significance in cities and towns. The political thaw of the mid-1950s created better prospects. The state was now able to finance the constructions sector on a much broader scale. The culminating point of the changes introduced by the postOctober team with respect to the legal foundations of the housing policy was the Act of 30 January 1959, the Tenant Law. The Landlord and Tenant Law repealed the following: Decree of 21 December 1945 on Public Flat Management, Decree of 28 July 1948 on Flat Rental and Decree of 18 February 1955 on Authorities and Their Jurisdictions with Respect to Public Flat Management.
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