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Duchowość ekologiczna – wartości i ograniczenia

100%
Diametros
|
2006
|
issue 9
212-229
PL
W artykule najpierw wyjaśnia się wzajemny stosunek zakresowy pojęć takich jak duchowość, religijność, duchowość ekologiczna i nowa duchowość. Proponuje się wyłączenie z zakresu pojęcia duchowości etyki elementarnej i włączenie do niego etyki aspiracyjnej. Następnie charakterystyczne dla paru minionych dziesięcioleci samookreślanie się coraz większej liczby osób jako niereligijnych, ale duchowych obrazuje się danymi socjologicznymi. Wykazują one, przynajmniej w obrębie kultury Zachodniej, rosnący trend w kierunku sprywatyzowanych form wiary. Ostatni papieże oceniają stan duchowy Zachodu przeważnie w tonie pesymistycznym, ale bardziej optymistyczna ocena wydaje się również uzasadniona. W zakończeniu twierdzi się, że zarówno nowym formom duchowości, jak i duchowości religii tradycyjnych można wróżyć dobrą przyszłość w miarę, jak podejmą wyzwania globalizacji i ponowoczesności, która jest „epoką interpretacji”.
EN
In the article I first explain the mutual relationships between concepts such as spirituality, religiosity, ecological spirituality, and new spirituality. I propose to exclude elementary ethics from the concept of spirituality and to include aspirational ethics. Next, sociological data is provided to show that in the last few decades a growing number of persons describe themselves as non-religious but spiritual. This data shows that at least within Western culture there is a growing trend in the direction of privatized forms of faith. Recent popes have described the spiritual state of the West in generally pessimistic terms, but a more optimistic evaluation also seems justified. Finally, I maintain that both new forms of spirituality and the spirituality of traditional religions have good prospects in the measure that they face the challenges of globalization and postmodernity, which is an “era of interpretation”.
2
100%
Filo-Sofija
|
2010
|
vol. 10
|
issue 2(11)
93-106
EN
George Santayana (1863–1952) has contended that religion should be seen as a kind of poetry and not as a literal truth. To him “religion, when seen to be poetry, ceases to be deceptive and therefore odious, and becomes humanly more significant than it seemed before”. I shall (1) expose reasons which have him conduced to this view, (2) compare it with the opposite doctrine of the Catholic Church and (3) conclude, that Santayana’s philosophy of religion seems to be in the age of globalization and religious pluralism of particular relevance.
EN
The aim of the article is a concise presentation of the main traits of the Pierre Teilhard de Chardin thought with special attention to the relationship between religion and science. There is a widely accepted opinion in commentaries to Teilhard that he has done with a far going reconciliation of these domains of culture. He has shown them up as two meridians which do not merge but are bound to converge as they approach the pole. The article also contains a reply to the critique of the Teilhardian thought put forward by some philosophers and biologists: Bertrand Russell, Peter Medawar, Richard Dawkins, Władysław Kunicki–Golfinger and Zdzisława Piątek. Their contention is that a higher consciousness is not superior to the lower, and that evolution has no direction. But how can they explain that people often love to know for its own sake? And why more cerebrated and more conscious creatures appeared in evolution not randomly and not before but always after less conscious ones? Furthermore a question has been raised whether the Teilhard’s system is in some way falsifiable. The answer has been suggested that the remarkable scientific and technological progress and the greatest in the human history wave of globalization, which all took place after his death (1955), seem to confirm his ideas.
PL
Celem niniejszego tekstu nie jest szczegółowa analiza myśli francuskiego jezuity, ale przypomnienie niektórych jej głównych tez ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nauki i religii. Poświęcam też nieco miejsca ich krytyce. W końcowej części stawiam pytanie, czy tezy te są w jakikolwiek sposób falsyfikowalne.
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