The text is aimed at tracing the evolution of the American political spectrum. It presents major historical and contemporary political parties of the United States of America. The article has been structured in such a way so as to serve primarily as a teaching aid for classes on the US poltical system.
One Belt, One Read project can be seen not only as a geopolitical plan for Chinese business expansion, but also as a way to project the Chinese soft power. The later is also a way to prepare foreign markets for the heavy Chinese presence in the near future. What is more the Chinese soft power, as prima facie nonideological one, can be more appealing for emerging markets, especially in African. In the same time the new race for the Africa has started and American as well as European soft powers will clash with Chinese. Near future will show which one performed better and prepared markets for business expansion. The article investigate problem of connection between OBOR and soft power. The main thesis of the article is that Chinese soft power is ideological one and connected with so called Chinese dream. The later is an alternative for the European and American dreams, which dominated the western hemisphere.
Demeny voting is one of less known ways to modify the classic approach to organizing democratic elections. This paper is an attempt at identifying a proper approach to studies on the possible impact of the demeny voting system on the Polish political system. Moreover, it is devoted to identifying other fields that require further research which should precede proper investigation of possible application of demeny voting in Poland. Secondary interest of the article is to pursue the connection between demeny voting and the ideal of deliberative democracy. The author refers to the results of the 2015 general elections and Polish demographic information published by the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The analysis of the data may serve as of a first step towards determining a hypothetical impact of demeny voting on the Polish political system
Lewica i prawica pozostają najpopularniejszymi określeniami wykorzystywanymi do opisu spektrum politycznego. Dzieje się tak, mimo że wartość analityczna tego typu określeń jest znikoma. To zaś ze względu na brak jednolitego sposobu rozumienia określeń. Niska użyteczność analityczna nie oznacza jednak niskiej użyteczności w bieżącej walce politycznej. W tekście przedstawiona została alternatywna (zobiektywizowana) forma porządkowania spektrum politycznego oraz możliwe warianty budowania narracji wokół osi lewica-prawica. Tekst przeznaczony jest przede wszystkim dla studentów. Jest wprowadzeniem do teorii i modelowania spektrum politycznego. Ma walor metodyczny oraz propedeutyczny. Obrazuje różnice pomiędzy myśleniem doktrynalnym a teorią naukową.
Artykuł ma na celu dokonanie analizy zmian prawa publicznego (administracyjnego) polegających na wprowadzeniu nowej ustawy (tzw. Ustawy 2.0) o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce w 2018 roku w Polsce. Wraz z towarzyszącymi jej: ustawą wprowadzającą oraz aktami wykonawczymi, Ustawa 2.0 ustanowiła nie tylko nowy reżim prawny, ale też wymusiła zmiany instytucjonalne, które zostały poddane analizie w drugiej części niniejszego artykułu. Prócz analizy artykuł jest również prezentacją autorskich wniosków de lege lata oraz de lege ferenda.
EN
The article aims to analyze changes in public (administrative) law, including the introduction of a new act of law (the so-called “Law 2.0”) on higher education and science in 2018 in Poland. Together with the accompanying introductory law and executive acts, Law 2.0 established not only a new legal regime, but also forced institutional changes, that will be analysed in the second part of this article. In addition to the analysis, the article is also presents author’s conclusions de lege lata and de lege ferenda.
The present paper explores how political thinking in Poland changed after the election campaigns (general and presidential) of 2015. Its main goal is to determine what the current developments mean for the future of democracy in Poland. Will Poland face a new wave of autocratization – similar to Pilsudski’s one? The paper is based on empirical research conducted during the lastpr esidential and general elections in Poland. An e-survey covering 10,000 respondents was conducted, out of whom over 4,000 left their data for further analysis. The main aim of the study was to fi nd a connection between patterns of political thinking and electoral behavior, demonstrating a link between one’s set of political values and one’s voting decisions. The ruling party in Poland openly refers to esthetics and rhetoric of an authoritarian regime introduced by Pilsudski. Its election slogan: “A good change” has been treated as reference to the interwar concept of “sanacja” driven from the Latin term “sanatio” which means to cleanse or to heal. The main goal of the Sanacja political group was to amend the then parliamentary democracy, which they believed was corrupt and inefficient. The authors of the paper try to present recent patterns and changes in the electorate. In its summary, the paper includes some predictions for the future of the Polish democracy, based on empirical data and observed actions of the ruling party.
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