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World Literature Studies
|
2018
|
vol. 10
|
issue 2
3 – 13
EN
The present study examines the relation between philosophy, literature and criticism/theory from the viewpoint of a text’s intention and function, its institutional character (the way it is framed) and paradigms as a set of constitutional rules and values. Rather than trying to find stable criteria, the author focuses his attention on the act of “becoming”, i. e. the way in which a text becomes a text of literature or philosophy, and, consequently, the way in which these texts are historically negotiated by communities of recipients, creators and users of specific discourses. In his conclusion, the author emphasises that it is not possible to define an absolute distinction between various discourses and that the inclusion of a particular work within a certain discourse is the result of historical negotiation.
EN
The study discusses the term „fictional world“: is it a useful and well-founded term for a literary critic? Is it possible to separate fiction from non-fiction, a fictional world from the real world? Could be fictive and nonfictive speech acts clearly distinguished? What kind is the relation between terms “fictive” and “literary”? The author of the study argues that both the key distinction “fictive” vs. “real” and the idea of the autonomous world identifiable in a text are so controversial, that it questions the very usefulness of the concept of fictional worlds for literary criticism.
EN
This article poses the crucial question whether ‘places of indeterminacy’ discussed in the work of Roman Ingarden really exist. The author resolves the problem using the theory of speech acts. His main thesis is based on the belief that language does not represent places in the real world. On various examples of literary texts he tries to show how literature depends only on language and speech acts. The aim of the article is not to call Ingarden’s concept into question but to consider new ways we may think about this problem — the relation between signs and real objects.
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