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Why do settled immigrants commit terrorist acts against countries that have accepted them? Preliminary remarks

100%
Malinowski Rubio M. P.
Władza sądzenia
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2020
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issue 18
111-125
EN
Some people behind terrorist attacks committed in the 21st century in Europe include immigrants or descendants of immigrants, which is abominable to the native population. In this paper, I analyse factors that account not only for cultural or political motivation of the terrorists, but also factors conditioned by interaction between immigrants or their descendants with indigenous people of the host country. One of the fundamental questions to be asked is whether immigrants in European countries are really accepted by residents of the host country. If they are indeed not accepted, they might have developed a sense of exclusion, even despite achieving apparent integration at certain levels of the social structure. The sense of being rejected is a major factor causing aggression, and such aggression can be used by terrorist organisations to recruit such people.
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DYSKURS POLITYCZNY WOKÓŁ IMIGRACJI W POLSCE

100%
Malinowski Rubio M. P.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2012
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vol. 38
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issue 2(144)
135-164
EN
Although Poland is not yet a country where immigration plays a major role, the opening of Polish borders in 1989 opened up the country to immigrants. In the 20 years after Poland's political transformation, the number of immigrants, even if still insignificant by other EU countries' standards, has grown steadily, so that in 1998 Łodziński wrote "the foreigner-migrant ceased to be the marginal and exotic person which he used to be. Hę has become so prominent and permanent a phenomenon that determination of his legal status and legal arrangements governing his situation in the various fields of social life has become an important issue" (Łodziński 1998). Yet, the number of immigrants, after all, continues to be at such a low level that Iglicka's declaration of 2003 stating that "Poland does not have a comprehensive migration policy, but mere foundations thereof. Neither is there is a doctrine of migration in the political consciousness which could constitute the foundation of coherent migration policies" (Iglicka 2003) is as valid as ever. Based on analysis of the government's ad hoc actions, press releases, experts' statements and data from public opinion polis, certain trends can be noted that may be used as an indicator of the direction which, if not the political discourse itself, then definitely the public discourse around the issue of immigration, is taking. If, as Zapata-Barrero maintains, we assume that the "discourse provides a reference framework and the main source of arguments for both the legitimacy of policies and for the legitimacy of public perceptions/ actions" (Zapata-Barrero, 2009: 50) and, as the author points out, "the design of discourse as a voluntary and intentional act, is aimed at achieving a specific effect, is a political act and transforms itself into a certain policy" (Zapata-Barrero, 2009: 46), then the discourse on immigration becomes crucial because it defines the process of government's handling of multiculturalism, which democracies must, sooner or later, face. This paper presents the result of analysis of public opinion polis and the political discourse on immigration in Poland and simultaneously attempts to explain the direction it takes assessing its possible consequences.
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